Daim qauv qauv khib nyiab tiam thiab txoj kev txwv rau lawv pov tseg (PNOOLR) - Qhov no yog daim ntawv tsim nyog rau cov lag luam nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm ntau yam kev phom sij raug tsim tawm.
Kos duab. 11. Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Tsab Cai "Hais Txog Kev Tsim Khoom thiab Khoom Siv Khoom Noj" hnub tim Lub Rau Hli 24, 1998 No. 89-ФЗ "Cov tib neeg ua lag luam thiab cov koom haum kev cai lij choj hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov lag luam, cov tuam tsev, cov qauv, cov qauv tsim thiab lwm qhov chaw muaj feem xyuam nrog kev tswj khib nyiab, Lub Luag Haujlwm: los tsim cov qauv qauv kev tsim qauv pov tseg thiab cov txheej txheem pov tseg (PNOOLR) pov tseg nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav txo nws cov tiam "thiab
Kos duab. 18 18. "Txhawm rau kom muaj kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv, txo cov khoom pov tseg thaum muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog cov neeg ua lag luam thiab cov koom hauv kev cai lij choj ua haujlwm hauv kev tswj hwm pov tseg, cov txheej txheem tsim khoom pov tseg thiab cov kev txwv rau lawv pov tseg yog tsim" nyob rau hauv kev tswj hwm pov tseg, lawv tsim kho qauv qauv tseg rau kev tsim pov tseg thiab cov kev txwv rau lawv pov tseg. "
PNOOLR teeb tsa cov cim tsim pov tseg ntawm cov pov tseg thiab xav tau kev pom zoo nyob rau hauv cov kev pabcuam tsim nyog ib puag ncig: - nyob rau hauv lub cev ib cheeb tsam ntawm Tsoomfwv Kev Pabcuam rau Ecological, Technological thiab Atomic Saib Xyuas (hauv nroog St. Petersburg hauv Rostekhnadzor SZU).
PNoOOLR Project muab cov cim kev xav tau rau cov qauv txhua xyoo rau tiam ntawm cov hom tshwj xeeb pov tseg raws cov qauv kev tsim pov tseg. Qhov feem pua raws xyoo tau nthuav tawm nyob rau hauv tons hauv ib xyoos (t / xyoo). Cov txheej txheem niaj xyoo rau cov pov tseg tsim tawm yog txiav txim siab los ntawm tus qauv ntawm cov txheej txheem pov tseg lossis, raws li nws yog feem ntau hu ua, txwv rau cov khoom pov tseg tsis zoo. Raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lawv cov kev ua ub no, cov tuam txhab thiab cov tuam txhab tsim lag luam uas tsim kev tsim khoom thiab kev siv cov khoom pov tseg yuav tsum them nyiaj raws li cov qauv pov thawj them rau tej yam tsis zoo ib puag ncig.
Cov haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev nthuav dav PNOOLR yog:
- kev xam ntawm cov qauv txhua xyoo rau cov pov tseg tiam,
- kev xam ntawm cov nyiaj pov tseg tsim tawm txhua xyoo,
- ua pov thawj ntawm cov nqi ntawm cov pov tseg npaj rau siv thiab (lossis) pov tseg,
- kev qhia txog cov pov tseg tau npaj tseg yuav muab tso rau hauv ib txoj haujlwm tshwj xeeb rau lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb hauv cov chaw pov tseg pov tseg tshwj xeeb, suav txog qhov xwm txheej ib puag ncig ntawm thaj chaw.
Siv tau ntawm PNOORR rau cov koom haum kev cai lij choj thiab cov tib neeg ua lag luam uas ua cov haujlwm pov tseg rau cov pov tseg cov khoom pov tseg uas muaj kev puas tsuaj, daim ntawv tso cai yog tsim rau lub sijhawm ntawm kev ua si rau kev sib sau, siv, pov tseg, tsheb thauj mus los, pov tseg cov khoom pov tseg. nyob rau hauv qhov kev tswj khib nyiab hauv thaj chaw Baikal ib puag ncig, tau tshuaj xyuas txhua xyoo.
Hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, kev siv tau ntawm PNOOLR yog 5 xyoos.
Lub sijhawm txhim kho Qhov haujlwm los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij ntawm peb lub tuam txhab yog 10 hnub, pib txij lub sijhawm tau txais tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj xav tau kev txhim kho ntawm PNOOLR. Lub sij hawm ntawm kev pom zoo, raws li txoj cai tam sim no ntawm Rostechnadzor SZU (45 hnub).
Hauv PNOOLR nqe Nws yog tsim nyob ntawm qhov ntau ntawm cov khoom pov tseg txaus ntshai tsim tawm los ntawm cov chaw muaj cai lossis ib tus neeg ua lag luam.
Cov qauv qauv kev tsim qauv ntawm cov txheej txheem pov tseg thiab cov kev txwv rau lawv pov tseg suav nrog cov ntu hauv qab no:
- nplooj ntawv nplooj, kos raws cov Lus Qhia Ntxiv 2 rau Cov Lus Qhia no,
- cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv uas lub npe thiab ua ntu zus los ntawm ntu ntawm PNOORR yog qhia nrog nplooj ntawv tus naj npawb,
- ntaub ntawv xov xwm hais txog ib tug tib neeg ua lag luam lossis cov koom haum raug cai,
- ntaub ntawv qhia txog kev khwv nyiaj txiag thiab lwm yam haujlwm los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov pov tseg tsim tawm,
- Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov khib nyiab,
- kev suav thiab kev txiav txim siab ntawm tus qauv niaj xyoo rau kev tsim pov tseg,
- cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua haujlwm txav ntawm cov khib nyiab,
- ntaub ntawv qhia txog kev siv thiab (lossis) pov tseg cov pov tseg,
- cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv pov tseg kom ntev txog 3 xyoos thiab lub tswv yim txog kev siv cov khoom pov tseg ntau tshaj plaws,
- cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv khib nyiab rau ntau dua 3 xyoos thiab cov khib nyiab pov tseg,
- tswj xyuas lub xeev ntawm ib puag ncig hauv thaj tsam ntawm cov chaw tso khoom pov tseg thiab tsis pub dhau ntawm lawv cov kev cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig,
-Cov kev npaj ntawm kev ntsuas kom txo tau cov pov tseg ntawm cov pov tseg thiab pov tseg, xyuas kom ua raws li cov cai thiab cov cai hauv thaj tsam kev tswj khib nyiab, cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev ntsuas kub ntxhov,
- cov lus thov rau cov kev txwv ntawm cov khib nyiab pov tseg,
- daim ntawv teev npe
Lub luag haujlwm rau qhov tsis muaj ntawm NOOLR Project:
Kos duab. 18. Kev faib tawm hauv kev tswj cov khib nyiab
5. Yog tias muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm cov qauv tsim pov tseg thiab cov kev txwv rau lawv txoj kev pov tseg, cov haujlwm ntawm cov neeg ua lag luam thiab cov koom hauv kev cai lij choj hauv kev tswj cov khoom pov tseg yuav raug txwv, tshem tawm lossis tshem tawm txoj hauv kev uas tau tsim los ntawm txoj cai lij choj ntawm Lavxias.
6. Kev tswj hwm ib puag ncig hauv kev tswj hwm pov tseg
6.1. Kev lees txais cov khoom pov tseg los ntawm tus neeg siv khoom siv rau qhov tso chaw yam tsis muaj nws kev tso cai (daim ntawv tso cai los lis cov khoom pov hwm kev nyab xeeb) yog txwv tsis pub.
6.2. Thaum pov tseg cov khib nyiab uas tsis muaj daim ntawv tso cai, cov tub ceev xwm thaj av yuav raug rau lub luag haujlwm los qhia cov lus thov rau tus neeg siv khoom, coj los ntawm cov kev cai tam sim no.
Nqe 8.1. Ua tsis tiav cov cai ib puag ncig thaum npaj, kev kawm ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim, tsim, chaw, tsim kho, txua rov qab, ua haujlwm, ua haujlwm ntawm cov tuam txhab, cov qauv lossis lwm yam khoom - cuam tshuam txog kev tswj hwm kev nplua rau cov pej xeem hauv qhov nyiaj ntawm peb mus rau tsib qhov nyiaj qis kawg, cov tub ceev xwm - txij tsib txog kaum zaug cov nyiaj them qis kawg nkaus; rau cov chaw muaj cai - los ntawm 50 txog 100 npaug ntawm cov nyiaj them tsawg kawg (tsawg kawg yog nyiaj).
Nqe 8.2. Ua tsis tau raws li ib puag ncig thiab huv-kab mob kis mus rau thaum sau, khaws cia, siv, hlawv, ua, muab cov khoom tsis raug mob, thauj khoom, faus thiab lwm yam pov tseg los ntawm kev tsim khoom thiab kev siv lossis lwm yam khoom muaj kev phom sij - yuav ua rau kev tswj hwm kev nplua rau cov pej xeem nyob hauv qhov nyiaj ntawm peb mus rau tsib tus nqi tsawg kawg nkaus nyiaj ua haujlwm, rau cov neeg ua haujlwm - los ntawm tsib txog kaum tus nqi dag zog tsawg kawg, rau cov koomhaum raug cai - los ntawm 50 txog 100 qhov tsawg kawg nyiaj ua haujlwm (tsawg kawg yog nyiaj ua haujlwm).
Ua tsis tiav raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm kev kho cov lus, hauv txoj cai txwv tsis pub nplua nyiaj ntxiv, ua ntej 5 zaug ntawm tus nqi nplua dhau los, tom qab 25 zaug.
Tsis ua raws li ib puag ncig thiab huv-kab mob kev kis mob thaum sau, khaws cia, siv, hlawv, txheej txheem, ua kom tsis muaj teeb meem, thauj khoom, faus thiab lwm cov khoom pov tseg los ntawm kev tsim khoom thiab kev siv lossis lwm yam khoom muaj kev puas tsuaj - yuav ua rau muaj kev tswj hwm kev nplua hauv qhov nyiaj ib txhiab txog ob puas thiab tsib caug txhiab rubles. lossis cov thawj coj raug tshem tawm ntawm lub koomhaum txog li 90 hnub.
Muaj hu ua peb lub tuam txhab koj tuaj yeem tau txais:
sab laj txog cov txheej txheem rau kev txhim kho thiab kev pom zoo ntawm Daim Qauv Norms rau Kev Kawm ntawm Cov Khoom Noj thiab Cov Kev Txwv rau lawv qhov kev pov tseg (PNOOLR),
ntawm kev kho kom zoo ntawm kev them nyiaj ib puag ncig thaum kev txhim kho PNOOLR,
ntawm cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis los txo cov nyiaj thiab cov ntim ntawm cov khoom muaj kev phom sij tsim tawm,
PNOOLR tus nqi thiab qhov nws muaj,
cov txheej txheem tswj kev tsim kev puas tsuaj,
peb tuaj yeem nrhiav koj lub tuam txhab uas khaws, thauj khoom thiab siv cov khoom pov tseg tsis zoo
Cov lus qhia rau kev nthuav dav ntawm PNOOLR
Yog tias cov lag luam ua lag luam ua tus qis dua ntawm ib feem ntawm thaj chaw ntau lawm, thaj chaw lossis cov cuab yeej siv thiab muab cov neeg xaum nrog txoj cai khaws cov khoom pov tseg ntawm lawv tus kheej cov chaw, tom qab cov khoom siv pov tseg yuav tsum suav nrog tus neeg tsawg hauv PNEC. Yog tias tus neeg xauj-tsev muaj kev ywj pheej ntawm cov haujlwm tswjhwm pov tseg, cov ntaub ntawv lees paub txog tus neeg xauj-tsev cov luag haujlwm muaj nyob rau PNOOLR.
Rau cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis uas tso cai rau qee qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv raw (hauv cov hauv paus, tshuaj lom neeg, zaub mov, microbiological thiab lwm yam kev lag luam), nrog rau cov kev nyuaj siab ntawm kev suav teb, cov kev sim siv, uas muaj hauv kev txiav txim siab pov tseg tiam qauv raws kev ntsuas kev ntsuas. hauv qhov chaw tsim khoom. Thaum pib, ua raws li kev suav sau los ntawm kev ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas qhov loj ntawm qhov loj ntawm cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig tau txais los ntawm ib pawg pawg ntawm cov khoom siv raw khoom (cov ntaub ntawv), qhov ntsuas tau txiav txim siab ua kom pom qhov feem pua ntawm cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig hauv ib pawg ntawm cov khoom siv raw hauv feem pua (S_pp).
koj yuam kev lawm. Raws li PNOLC nyob rau hauv thaj chaw tswj hwm ntawm Rosprirodnadzor.
Txhawm rau cov lus ntxiv koj yuav tsum tso npe
Yuav tsum muaj cov koom haum twg kom muaj PNOOLR?
Leej twg xav tau kev txhim kho PNOOLR
Nyob rau hauv nqe lus 11 ntawm Tsoomfwv Txoj Cai No. 89, lub voj voog ntawm cov koomhaum uas tau cog lus los siv rau qhov txheej txheem pov tseg kom txo lawv cov nyiaj tsim yog qhov qhia meej - cov no yog cov tuam txhab ntawm ib daim ntawv kev cai lij choj thiab cov neeg ua lag luam uas lawv cov haujlwm cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov chaw (vaj tse, qauv, kev lag luam. cov chaw) ncaj qha cuam tshuam nrog khib nyiab.
Ib txoj kev los sis lwm qhov, ib qho kev lag luam muaj pov tseg hauv nws cov haujlwm. Txoj cai lij choj qhia meej tias PNOOLR yog tsim los rau cov koomhaum ntawd, raws li cov kev xav tau kev tsim khoom, cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom pov tseg lossis pov tseg lossis kev pabcuam pov tseg uas muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau ib puag ncig thiab tib neeg lub neej.
Piv txwv, lub tuam txhab yuav koom nrog kev thauj khoom pov tseg lossis txheej txheem pov tseg. Qee lub chaw ua lag luam tau ntsib nrog cov khoom pov tseg ntawm lawv tus kheej ntau lawm.
Leej twg xav tau NOOLR project?
Rau cov lag luam me thiab nruab nrab, tsis tas yuav tsim kho txoj haujlwm pov tseg, tab sis lawv yuav tsum xa ib daim ntawv tshaj tawm hauv ib daim ntawv tshwj xeeb ib xyoos ib zaug hais txog lub cim pov tseg hauv lawv cov kev ua ub no.
Cov hom phiaj thiab cov hom phiaj ntawm kev tsim thiab txhim kho PNOOLR
Lub xub ntiag ntawm cov phiaj xwm pov tseg, pom zoo los ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Rosprirodnadzor (lossis nws cov qauv txheej txheem), muab txoj cai kom tau txais daim ntawv rau lub koomhaum pom zoo rau cov txheej txheem pov tseg ntawm cov pov tseg thiab cov kev txwv rau lawv pov tseg. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias ib lub tuam txhab tshwj xeeb tau txais cov ntawv sau cov kev cai tswj hwm cov txheej txheem pov tseg thiab txwv (ntau qhov ntau ntawm ib hom) rau lawv pov tseg:
Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm qhov project PNOOLR
- cov cim pov tseg kev tsim qauv - ib lub cav ntsuas rau txhua yam ntawm cov pov tseg raws lawv qib kev nyab xeeb thiab txheeb ze rau lub xeev ntawm ib puag ncig hauv thaj chaw ntawm lawv tiam. Rau teb chaws Russia, ib qho chaw pib tau txais kev pom zoo nrog qhov kev zam ntawm ntau thaj chaw ntuj.
- cov khoom pov tseg tsis pub tshaj - qhov ntau tshaj ntawm ib hom kev pov tseg rau ib lub sijhawm twg, uas tau tsim tawm thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm kev lag luam (kev txwv yog ncua ib xyoos ib zaug).
Yog tsis muaj daim ntawv no, nws tsis tuaj yeem ua raws li cov haujlwm qub ntawm tuam txhab, suav nrog:
- npaj kev tsim kho cov chaw lossis kev ua haujlwm ntau lawm (chav ua haujlwm, chav ua haujlwm),
- xam cov ntim ntawm cov khoom tiav,
- los nqa tawm cov txheej txheem nrog cov khib nyiab - lawv sau, thauj khoom thiab pov tseg.
Lub phiaj phiaj NoOOLR tau pab hauv kev daws cov teeb meem no:
Rov qab siv dua (Lub voj voos Moebius)
- kev nthuav qhia thiab muab xam ntawm qhov ntau ntawm cov ntim pov tseg tau tsim tawm txheeb ze rau qhov tseeb ntim ntawm ntau lawm,
- ua kom ncaj thiab npaj cov khoom pov tseg muaj qhov tsis zoo rau lub ecology thiab ib puag ncig,
- muaj ntau cov khib nyiab pov tseg rau hauv thaj chaw xaiv tseg.
Lub phiaj xwm muab qee yam xwm txheej rau kev khaws cov khoom pov tseg ib ntus thiab thaj chaw rau lawv qhov chaw pov tseg kom ua raws li cov qauv ntawm cov cai tam sim no-huv-kab mob thiab ib puag ncig cov cai.
PNOOLR yog daim ntawv tseem ceeb los ntawm kev pom ntawm cov ecology uas txuas nrog cov txheej txheem ntau lawm ntawm txhua lub chaw lag luam. Txoj haujlwm txhim kho yog qhov tsim nyog nyob rau hauv:
- txiav txim siab qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg (qhov muaj txiaj ntsig thiab ntau npaum li cas) ntawm cov pov tseg tsim tawm ntawm lub chaw haujlwm
- qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov txheej txheem rau lawv cov pov tseg yog qhov siv tau, pov tseg lossis pov tseg.
Cov txheej txheem thiab cov theem ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm PNOOLR
Thaum tsim ib qhov project, cov hauv qab no raug coj mus rau hauv tus account:
Cov theem kev txhim kho ntawm PNOORR
- ecological li nyob rau hauv thiab ib puag ncig lub enterprise,
- tagnrho, cov chav kawm thiab hom tsim pov tseg,
- qhov loj thiab muaj peev xwm ntawm cov chaw ntim khoom pov tseg,
- Kwv yees hnub thiab qhov siv ntawm qhov chaw rau pov tseg,
- pom zoo ntau tshaj qhov teeb meem (MPE) ntawm cov pov tseg ntawm ib puag ncig,
- cov khoom ntawm cov khib nyiab uas tuaj yeem siv rau cov khoom siv rov ua haujlwm,
- siv tshuab ua khib nyiab tso cai thiab siv rau cov lag luam hauv ib qho kev lag luam,
- kev lag luam kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev thauj cov khib nyiab ntawm cov khoom seem.
Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm txoj haujlwm ua haujlwm ntawm txoj haujlwm, cov theem ua tiav raug cais:
- Tau txais cov ntawv pov thawj thawj zaug los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom.
Cov ntaub ntawv thawj zaug (hauv paus) yog cov ntaub ntawv ntawm daim phiaj xwm thev naus laus zis, kev cai rau kev siv cov khoom siv raw, ntsuas ntawm kev tso tawm thiab tawm ntawm lub xyoo dhau los, yav dhau los npaj cov lus qhia ntawm cov ncauj lus no. Txhua cov ntaub ntawv tau txais yog muab tso ua ke hauv cov ntawv tabular lossis ua ib daim ntawv thov thiab nrog nrog PNOOLR. - Tshaj Tawm ntawm cov kws tshaj lij ib puag ncig ntawm lub chaw lag luam rau kev tso npe ntawm cov ntawv pov tseg pov tseg siv FKO cov lis dej num (Tsoom Fwv Teb Xov Tooj Tshawb Fawb Kev Khib Nyiab).
Tus kws tshaj lij ncaj qha ntawm lub chaw lag luam txheeb xyuas cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm nrog kev tsim cov pov tseg lossis lwm yam khoom siv ntawm lawv qhov tshwm sim, kho qhov chaw ntawm lawv cov kev suav ib ntus lossis cov pov tseg kom tiav.
- thawj cov ntawv pov tseg ntawm cov khib nyiab tsim tawm (cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov chaw ntawm lawv tiam),
- chaw tsim khoom thiab cov chaw khaws cia khib nyiab,
- Daim ntawv hla tebchaws rau txhua hom khib nyiab tau tshaj tawm nrog chav qhia txog kev phom sij,
- tau txais daim ntawv tso cai rau kev sau, tsheb thauj mus los thiab pov tseg ntawm cov pov tseg I - IV kev nyab xeeb chav kawm.
Qhov haujlwm PNOOLR tab tom npaj rau 2 daim luam. Ib qho tseem nyob hauv lub cev ntawm Rosprirodnadzor, qhov thib ob yog khaws cia ntawm lub chaw haujlwm. Nws raug tso cai xa cov qauv qauv rau kev pov tseg hauv daim ntawv hluav taws xob yog tias nws tau kos npe nrog lub npe xaim hluav taws xob (kos npe digital).
Daim qauv qauv khib nyiab tiam thiab txoj kev txwv rau lawv pov tseg (PNOOLR)
- kev cim ntawm cov haujlwm thiab cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm ntawm ib tus neeg lag luam uas yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev pov tseg kev tsim tawm,
- kev tsim cov qauv pov tseg raws li FWCC thiab chav kawm phom sij (cov ntaub ntawv qhia nyob rau hauv daim ntawv hla pov tseg),
- cov lus piav qhia ntawm txhua hom pov tseg los ntawm kev tsim, lub cev-tshuaj thiab cov yam ntxwv,
- suav txhua xyoo ntawm cov khib nyiab thiab lawv qhov kev txiav txim raws,
- cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev txav mus pov tseg, nrog rau kev xa mus rau lwm lub koom haum,
- kev txiav txim siab thiab kev pom zoo ntawm cov chaw (chaw) rau kev khaws cia ib ntus lossis khaws khoom pov tseg rau lawv qhov kev tshem tawm ntxiv,
- kev tsim kom paub cov thev naus laus zis thiab cuab yeej siv rau kev coj ua (rov siv dua) ntawm cov pov tseg thiab / lossis lawv muab pov tseg,
- cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov chaw uas cov khib nyiab tau tso,
- saib xyuas ib puag ncig cov yam ntxwv hauv cov chaw pov tseg,
- cov tswv yim thiab ntsuas kom txo qis pov tseg tiam,
- Cov tswv yim thov kom txwv tsis pub muaj cov khoom pov tseg.
Vim li cas kev txhim kho ntawm PNOORR thiaj muaj txiaj ntsig?
Qhov dej num NOOLR pom zoo yog lub hauv paus rau kev pom zoo cov txheej txheem tsim khoom pov tseg thiab cov kev txwv rau lawv pov tseg. Lub chaw lag luam muab ntawv tso cai qhia txog cov kev txwv no thiab kev them nyiaj rau qhov tsis zoo ib puag ncig yog suav nrog lawv.
Thaum tsis muaj PNOOLR lossis kev ua txhaum ntawm cov qauv rau kev tsim cov pov tseg thiab cov kev txwv rau lawv pov tseg raws li Tsoomfwv Txoj Cai No. 89, kev txwv tsis pub muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov chaw haujlwm nrog kev muaj peev xwm ua tiav kev ua tiav.
Raws li Tsab Cai ntawm Lavxias Kev Tshawb Fawb txog kev tswj hwm kev ua txhaum rau kev tsis ua raws li ib puag ncig thiab huv-kev tu cev-kis kabmob (tsis muaj PNOOLR), kev rau txim raug nplua rau kev ua txhaum:
- rau cov tub ceev xwm - ntawm 10,000 txog 30,000 rubles,
- rau cov tib neeg ua lag luam - los ntawm 30,000 txog 50,000 rubles los yog ncua kev ua si rau ib lub sijhawm ntev txog 90 hnub,
- rau cov chaw muaj cai - los ntawm 100,000 txog 250,000 rubles, suav nrog kev ncua kev ua haujlwm rau ib lub sijhawm txog 90 hnub.
Yuav ua li cas decrypt PNOOLR
Raws li cov cai ntawm FZ-89, cov neeg tsim kev lag luam, tsis hais tus qauv koom hauv kev lag luam, yuav tsum tsim PNOOLR, thiab nws txhais: cov qauv qauv sau tseg rau cov txheej txheem pov tseg thiab cov kev txwv rau lawv pov tsegCov. Cov lus qhia rau kev txhim kho PNOOR tau teev nyob rau hauv txoj cai 349 ntawm Ministry of Natural Resources ntawm Lavxias Federation Lub Yim Hli 5, 2014.
Tshooj 11 ntawm Tsoomfwv Txoj Cai-89 qhia meej txog cov koomhaum twg yuav tsum muaj ntaub ntawv. Cov no yog cov koom haum thiab cov koom haum ua haujlwm raws li qhov tsim kev puas tsuaj.
Nws yog lub laj thawj tias ib lub koom haum tsim cov khib nyiab. Tab sis yuav tsum tau txais cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum muaj rau cov tuam txhab uas cov dej num cuam tshuam nrog kev tsim hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom tsis zoo uas cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig thiab tib neeg.
PNOOLR kuj yuav tsum muaj cov pej xeem uas ua lag luam yam tsis tau txais cov xwm txheej ntawm cov koomhaum kev cai lij choj.
Pib txij lub Ib Hlis 1, 2019, Tshooj 18 ntawm Tsoomfwv Txoj Cai-89 tau raug hloov kho los tsim cov txheej txheem tshiab rau cov txheej txheem kev tswj cov dej num pov tseg.
Pib lub Ib Hlis 1, 2019, PNOOLR raws li Tshooj 18 ntawm Tsoomfwv Txoj Cai-89 yuav tsum tsim kho raws li qeb I thiab II. Cov pawg zoo li no tau muab rau cov khoom uas muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm xwm. Hauv kev teeb tsa cov pawg, yog ua raws cov qauv. Muaj pawg I, II, III, IV, pom zoo los ntawm tsoomfwv Lavxias.
Txoj kev txhim kho: cov qib, cov ntaub ntawv dab tsi xav tau
Nws raug nquahu kom pib qhov kev tsim PNOORR tsawg kawg rau lub hlis ua ntej qhov pom ntawm kev kuaj xyuas lub cev. Koj tuaj yeem txhim kho tus qauv tsim nyog, tab sis nws zoo dua yog hu rau cov koom haum tshwj xeeb. Kev xyaum qhia tau hais tias qhov kev xaiv no pheej yig thiab kev siv zog ua haujlwm tsawg.
Tig mus rau lub tuam txhab, cov kev tsim kho theem yuav muaj kev ua tiav:
- Muab cov tuam txhab nrog cov ntaub ntawv thawj zaug, xws li: daim duab qhia chaw thev naus laus zis, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ntsuas paib xyoo dhau los,
- Tus environmentalist yuav tsum mus ntsib lub chaw ua haujlwm thiab kos cov npe cov khib nyiab FKKO. Cov lus nug ntawm qhov chaw ntawm kev ua qias tuaj lossis kev tsim pov tseg - cov neeg tshwj xeeb sau cov txheej txheem uas ua rau pov tseg tiam thiab thaj chaw uas lawv khaws lossis pov tseg,
- Npaj ua haujlwm: suav qhov ntim ntawm cov pov tseg tsim tawm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, chav kawm txaus ntshai ntawm qhov tsim tawm pov tseg raug txiav txim siab. Nyob rau hauv parallel, lub enterprise yuav tsum nqa tawm haujlwm:
- nkim accounting
- cuab yeej siv rau cov chaw khaws khib nyiab,
- sau npe ntawm daim ntawv hla tebchaws tsis raug nrog cov lus piav qhia txog chav kawm phom sij,
- Tau txais daim ntawv tso cai rau kev sau, tsheb thauj mus los thiab pov tseg pov tseg I - IV cov chav kawm phom sij.
- Kev sib koom tes ntawm txoj haujlwm hauv Rosprirodnadzor. PNOOLR yuav tsum ua 2 daim ntawv luam: ib qho rau Rosprirodnadzor, qhov thib ob rau lub koom haum nws tus kheej, rau qhov uas qhov phiaj xwm tab tom raug tsim.
PNOOLR pob muaj cov khoom siv hauv qab no:
- Kev qhia dav dav txog kev lag luam
- Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog nws cov haujlwm
- Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov tsim khoom pov tseg tsim txom
- Muab xam los ntawm cov qauv pov tseg
- Daim ntawv qhia khib nyiab
- Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev ntsuas ntsuas nrog hwm pov tseg
- Lwm cov teeb meem ntawm cov khib nyiab tsis zoo.
Cov ntaub ntawv xav tau rau kev txhim kho cua ntsawj ntshab qauv kev tsim qauv pov tseg thiab cov kev txwv rau lawv pov tseg (PNOOLR):
- Cov ntawv cov ntaub ntawv, suav nrog:
- Lub npe ntawm jur. cov neeg (ntsej muag npe, tuam txhab npe, ntawv foos)
- Chaw nyob raug cai
- Chaw Nyob Muaj Chaw Nyob
- Chaw nyob ntawm txhua ceg ntawm lub chaw ua haujlwm
- Chaw nyob xa ntawv
- daim ntawv sau npe
- Xov tooj, fev, email chaw nyob. ntsej muag
- TIN, hnub tim rau kev zwm npe, cov ntawv thiab naj npawb ntawm daim ntawv pov thawj (daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm daim ntawv sau npe se)
- Codes OKPO, OKOPF, OKVED, BIN, OKATO
- Lub npe ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm lub chaw ua haujlwm
- Daim ntawv luam ntawm cov ntawv pov thawj ntawm lub xeev cov ntawv sau npe ntawm cov neeg muaj cai
- Kev them nyiaj xaj nrog daim ntawv lo nyiaj ntawm lub tsev txhab nyiaj ntawm kev them nyiaj ntawm lub xeev cov haujlwm rau muab kev txwv.
- Cov npe ntawm txhua hom tsim tawm pov tseg thiab kev noj.
- Luam daim ntawv hla tebchaws rau cov khib nyiab ntawm chav kawm I-IV tsim kev puas tsuaj, kev coj ua piv txwv thiab kev cai ntawm biotesting rau cov pov tseg ntawm chav kawm V kev nyab xeeb
- Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam (cov lus qhia luv luv ntawm kev tsim khoom thiab kev lag luam ntawm kev lag luam)
- Daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev lossis daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm cov tswv cuab ntawm txoj cai siv thaj av, cov tuam tsev, thaj chaw thiab cov kev teeb tsa nrog cov duab nraaj ntawm qhov chaw nyob ntawm thaj chaw nyob.
- Cov phiaj xwm-phiaj xwm kev lag luam nrog qhov loj me ntawm thaj chaw thiab kev tsim qauv ntawm cov chaw sib txuam ib ntus ntawm cov khib nyiab (ntim, cov thoob ntim, cov chaw)
- Tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm
- Cov cim tseem ceeb ua tau
- Cov npe ntawm cov txheej txheem kev faib tawm ntawm kev lag luam
- Lub xub ntiag ntawm cov khoom ntawm kev khaws cia thiab kev faus cov khoom pov tseg, muaj, siv
- Lub xub ntiag ntawm thaj chaw nyob sib ze (nws thaj chaw)
- Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov neeg xauj khoom
- Kev muaj ntawm daim ntawv tso cai rau kev sau, tsheb thauj mus los, siv, nruab nrab thiab pov tseg ntawm kev tsim khoom thiab cov khoom pov tseg ntawm cov lag luam.
- Txoj kev cia siab ntawm kev txhim kho kev lag luam hauv 5 xyoos tom ntej, uas yog qhov uas muaj cov khoom pov tseg ntau ntxiv.
- Qhov muaj ntawm cov pab ua ntej, pej xeem cov chaw noj mov
- Kev piav qhia ntawm cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis rau txhua qhov txheej txheem (chaw ua haujlwm, chaw), haujlwm ntau lawm, tsim khoom, khoom siv ua khoom siv.
- Hom Lag Luam
- Muaj cov ntoo lim dej ua kom pom kev zoo, cov chaw ua dej lim, plua plav tawm thiab cov chaw lim dej kom huv (yog tias muaj, phau ntawv hla tebchaws rau cov nroj tsuag no).
- Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev siv cov khoom siv raw, cov ntaub ntawv thiab roj thiab cov khoom siv zog (qhov tseeb, xyoo dhau los lossis xyoo tam sim no, npaj rau xyoo tom ntej)
- Daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm cov tsheb nyob rau hauv daim ntawv tshuav nyiaj txiag ntawm cov neeg ua lag luam nrog cov hom, kom muaj ntau, npaj cov mais, lawv qhov chaw nres tsheb (khaws cia), tu thiab kho.
- Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov cuab yeej siv thev naus laus zis.
- Qhov ntau thiab cov cim ntawm cov roj fluorescent.
- Cov ntaub ntawv sau tseg txog tiam, kev pov tseg, siv, pov tseg cov khoom pov tseg 3 xyoo dhau los (yog tias muaj cov ntaub ntawv txhawb nqa: kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm, kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev lees txais thiab hloov chaw, thiab lwm yam)
- Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog txhua yam: tuab heev ntawm kev tshem tawm, ntxuav (zaus, leej twg nqa tawm, muaj ntawv cog lus). Tom qab decommissioning, qhov twg overalls pauv.
- Thaj chaw ntawm cov chaw khaws cia, suav nrog thaj chaw uas raug ntxuav kom huv, m2.
- Tus naj npawb ntawm lub pas dej tawg tau muab ntxuav. Sawb txheej txheem. Sawb tsawg zaus, sijhawm / xyoo.
- Daim ntawv cog lus peb tog (pov tseg cov tshuab hluav taws xob-tshuab nqa khoom-pov npav av) lossis cov lus pom zoo ncaj qha (pov tseg cov tshuab hluav taws xob - cov khib nyiab) rau cov chaw pov tseg thiab pov tseg
- Sib cog lus rau kev siv dej thiab kev nyiam huv, rau tshav kub thiab hluav taws xob.
- Cov ntawv cog lus rau kev pabcuam hauv xov tooj siv rau kev sib hloov tsis siv neeg, rau kev pabcuam hauv chaw ua haujlwm cov cuab yeej.
- Lub hwj chim ntawm kws lij choj los ntawm cov tuam txhab los sawv cev rau kev txaus siab ntawm lub tuam txhab hauv cov koom haum tswj hwm
- Daim ntawv pov thawj tsim nyog ntawm kev kawm txog ib puag ncig ntawm tus neeg lub luag haujlwm rau ib puag ncig ntawm lub chaw haujlwm (txiav txim siab los xaiv tus neeg lub luag haujlwm rau kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig)
- Cov phiaj xwm dhau los PNOOLR (yog tias muaj)
Txhawm rau tsim PNOOR, tus kws ua lag luam yuav tsum npaj cov ntawv teeb tsa no, tab sis nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias rau cov lag luam koom nrog ntau yam kev ua, cov txheej txheem ntawm cov ntawv yuav txawv, tab sis, feem ntau, nws zoo li qhov no.
Lub sijhawm tsim, tsim kev pom zoo, pom zoo thiab siv tau ntawm daim phiaj
Lub sijhawm siv ntawm cov ntawv no yog ob peb hnub. Kev npaj ntawm cov phiaj xwm no yog qhov teeb meem loj heev thiab xav kom cov neeg ua yeeb yam muaj kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cai lij choj ib puag ncig thiab cov ntaub ntawv tsim kev cai, uas yog vim li cas ntau tus neeg ua lag luam uas raug them lub luag haujlwm kom muaj cov phiaj xwm no tig mus rau cov tuam txhab tshwj xeeb koom nrog tsim cov ntaub ntawv no. Raws li txoj cai, lub sijhawm los ntawm kev teeb tsa ib txoj haujlwm kom tau txais kev ua tiav ntawm cov ntawv pov thawj ua tiav yuav siv sijhawm li 10 - 15 hnub. Tab sis, nws yuav tsum tau yug los hauv lub siab tias hauv Rosprirodnadzor kev sib koom tes tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntev txog 30 hnub. Tus nqi - los ntawm 15 000 rubles.
Lub sijhawm ntawm PNOOLR rau cov neeg ua lag luam koom nrog kev pov tseg cov khoom pov tseg kev lag luam uas muaj kev puas tsuaj yog sib npaug ntawm lub sijhawm lawv daim ntawv tso cai. Yog tias qhov haujlwm ntawd tau ua hauv qee thaj chaw, piv txwv li, ib puag ncig ntawm lub pas dej Baika, tom qab ntawd nws lub sijhawm yuav yog ib xyoos thiab yuav tsum tau kho dua tshiab yam tsis poob.
Lwm qhov xwm txheej, ncua sijhawm ntawm PNOOLR yog 5 xyoos.
Kev pom zoo ntawm PNOORR
Cov khib nyiab uas pom hauv lub tuam txhab yog tswj hwm los ntawm ntau lub koom haum hauv lub xeev - Rosprirodnadzor, Rospotrebnadzor, tus kws lij choj thiab lwm tus.
Cov kev cai lij choj uas tseem ceeb tau txiav txim siab tias txoj kev npaj yuav tsum pom zoo los ntawm tus saib xyuas thiab cov koomhaum xav paub. Lub sijhawm ntawm kev pom zoo yog 30 - 45 hnub. Tab sis qhov tseeb, txoj kev no tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntev dua.
Kev pom zoo tuaj yeem ua kom nrawm los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv muaj peev xwm nyob rau theem ntawm kev npaj thiab xa cov ntaub ntawv.
Tau txais kev txwv rau pov tseg pov tseg
Raws li kev pom zoo los ntawm PNOORR hauv Rosprirodnadzor, kev hloov kho thiab cov lus pom yuav ua tau, lawv yuav raug tshem tawm hauv lub sijhawm pom zoo, tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum raug kho thiab xa rau kev pom zoo thib ob. Yog tias kev txiav txim siab zoo, PNOOLR yuav tau txais kev pom zoo thiab lub tuam txhab yuav tau txais qee qhov kev txwv txog kev pov tseg.
Yog li, lub tuam txhab yuav tau txais kev pom zoo los ntawm lub xeev, kev tso cai rau cov khoom pov tseg ntawm cov khoom lag luam pov tseg rau xyoo tom ntej.
Cov kev txwv no tsis suav nrog cov pob zeb ntau thiab cov pob zeb me me uas tau khawb tawm thaum lub sijhawm txaws cov pob zeb thiab cov av rov qab.
Hnub thaum cov kev cai thiab cov kev txwv tau pom zoo - qhov no yog hnub ntawm kev pom zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xa tawm thiab kev pom zoo los ntawm kev txiav txim siab ntawm Rosprirodnadzor ntawm kev pom zoo los ntawm PNOOLR. Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev txiav txim siab txog qhov no lossis qhov kev lag luam ntawd (tus kws tsim kev lag luam) yuav tsum tshaj tawm rau hauv lub peev txheej ntawm Rosprirodnadzor.
Tsis muaj PNOORR - txim
PNOOLR yog rau cov koom haum ntawm ntau lub koom haum cov ntaub ntawv, vim qhov lawv cov kev ua ub no muaj kev tsim kom muaj kev lag luam pov tseg ntawm ntau cov chav kawm phom sij.
Nkim pov tseg yam tsis muaj kev pom zoo PNOORD yuav qha ib qhov teeb meem tsis zoo, raws li hais hauv Kos duab. 8.2.CAO.
Kev rau txim rau tus pej xeem yooj yim txog 2,000 rubles, rau cov tub ceev xwm txog 30,000 rubles, cov pej xeem uas ua lag luam yam tsis tau txais cov xwm txheej ntawm cov chaw muaj cai txog li 50,00 rubles, ntawm kev lag luam 50,000 rubles. lossis tsum tsis pub nws ua haujlwm ntev txog 90 hnub.
Yog tias muaj teeb meem loj tshwm sim los ntawm PNOORR, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb kuj yuav tshwm sim tau.
PNOOLR piv txwv
Daim phiaj yuav tsum muaj cov hauv qab no:
- Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog ib tus neeg pej xeem koom nrog kev ua lag luam yam tsis tau txais cov xwm txheej ntawm cov koomhaum kev lag luam lossis cov chaw haujlwm.
- Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev khwv nyiaj txiag thiab lwm yam haujlwm los ntawm kev ua haujlwm uas tsim kev lag luam thiab lwm yam pov tseg.
- Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev lag luam pov tseg, nws muaj pes tsawg leeg, tagnrho, thiab lwm yam Kev suav tsim nyog thiab cov hauv paus ntawm cov cai txhua xyoo rau tiam ntawm kev lag luam pov tseg.
- Lub hom phiaj hloov mus pov tseg, cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev siv lossis pov tseg ntawm cov khib nyiab. txwv tsis pub cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khib nyiab tawm mus txog peb lub xyoos thiab kev sib cav txog ntau kawg ntawm cov khoom siv khib nyiab ntau ntxiv.
- Cov kev txwv ntawm cov ntsiab lus pov tseg rau ib lub sijhawm ntau tshaj peb xyoos thiab pov tseg (faus) cov khib nyiab tau txais thaum lub sijhawm txheej txheem ntau lawm. saib xyuas lub xeev ntawm xwm nyob rau thaj chaw uas cov chaw tsim khoom tsim nyob thiab lawv cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig.
- Cov phiaj xwm los txo cov ntau ntawm qhov tau txais thiab thaj chaw ntawm cov khoom tsim pov tseg, koomhaum ua raws li cov qauv tam sim no thiab cov cai ntsig txog kev tswj hwm cov pov tseg kev lag luam.
Ntxiv rau, cov ntaub ntawv ceev yuav tsum tau npaj. npaj kom txwv qhov tso cov khoom pov tseg kev lag luam.
Qhov ntim thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom tuaj yeem hloov pauv tau raws li cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev lag luam lossis kev tsim khoom. Ib qho ntxiv, tus tuav txoj cai tswjfwm muaj cai thov cov ntawv pov thawj ntxiv thiab daim ntawv pov thawj.
Vim li cas thiaj tsim kho thiab ua tiav kev sib koom tes ntawm txoj haujlwm PNOOLR
Txhua txheej txheem ntau lawm los nrog pov tseg tiam. Lawv tuaj yeem yog:
- Cov ntawv pov tseg uas tsis siv thaum siv ntau lawm.
- Los ntawm-cov khoom ntawm ntau lawm.
- Kev tsis zoo, siv tsis tau cov khoom lag luam.
Cov khib nyiab muaj kev phom sij rau ib puag ncig thiab tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov pov tseg pov tseg nyob rau qhov ntau tshaj ntawm cov kev tso cai pov tseg tshaj plaws, cov kev cai tau tshaj tawm cov txheej txheem nruj me ntsis.
Ib qho ntawm cov kev ntsuas no yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau kev lag luam. kev loj hlob ntawm PNOOLRCov. Lub phiaj xwm, uas tsim cov qauv pov tseg rau cov txheej txheem pov tseg thiab cov kev txwv rau lawv cov pov tseg, pab ntsuas qhov pov tseg ntau npaum li cas, nws cov khoom sib xyaw, kom nkag siab txog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom pov tseg ntawm cov pov tseg, pov tseg, thiab rov qab siv cov pov tseg tuaj yeem tsim nyob rau hauv ntau lawm, qhov twg, nyob rau hauv dab tsi los ntawm-cov khoom pov tseg tuaj yeem muab pov tseg, pov tseg , cov khoom siv seem cia. Kev rau txim rau qhov tsis muaj tsab ntawv PNOORD kev ua txhaum yog ua raws li Tshooj 8.2. CAO, nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm los ntawm 10,000 txog 250,000 rubles.
Tsoomfwv Txoj Cai "Ntawm Kev Tsim Khoom thiab Khoom Siv Khoom Noj" tsim cov txheej txheem yooj yim hais txog kev txhim kho thiab kev pom zoo ntawm cov qauv qauv thiab cov kev txwv rau cov khib nyiab pov tseg rau tag nrho cov kev lag luam me thiab nruab nrab.
Txhua lub koomhaum tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov hauv qab no:
Hom koomhaum | Kev Loj Hlob PNOOLR | Kev faib tawm cov qauv |
Kev lag luam loj | Yog qhov yuav tsum tau | Tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm - ntau dua 250 cov neeg Cov nyiaj tau los - 2 billion rubles lossis ntau dua |
Kev lag luam nruab nrab | Tsis tas yuav mus | Tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm - los ntawm 100 txog 250 cov neeg Cov nyiaj tau los - los ntawm 800 lab rau 2 billion rubles. |
Cov lag luam me, cov neeg ua liaj ua teb (cov ua liaj ua teb), cov neeg ua lag luam (IP) | Tsis tas yuav mus | Muaj pes tsawg tus neeg ua haujlwm - txog 100 leej Cov nyiaj tau los - txog 800 lab rubles |
Cov chaw lag luam nrog kev koom tes txawv teb chaws hauv kev tso cai peev | Yog qhov yuav tsum tau | Cov peev txheej txawv teb chaws ntau dua 25% - cov lag luam cia li poob rau hauv qeb kev ua lag luam loj |
Tsoomfwv cov koomhaum thiab chaw haujlwm nyiaj txiag (polyclinics, tsev kawm ntawv, lub tsev kawm ntawv menyuam yaus, tsev kawm keeb txuj, kev lag luam hauv lub nroog, cov chaw ua haujlwm hauv lub xeev, cov tub luam kev lag luam, MBU, thiab lwmyam) | Yog qhov yuav tsum tau | Puas yog cov chaw lag luam |
Cov koom haum non-profit (SNT, NOU, ANO, cov koom haum kev ntseeg, cov koom haum tshaj lij) | Yog qhov yuav tsum tau | Puas yog cov chaw lag luam |
Txog cov koom haum rau PNOORD project tsis tas yuav tsum, txoj cai lij choj tau tsim txoj cai rau kev xa tawm ib xyoos ib zaug ntawm kev tshaj tawm txog kev tswj pov tseg hauv daim ntawv yooj yim.
Cov haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev nthuav dav PNOOLR
- kev xam ntawm cov qauv txhua xyoo rau cov pov tseg tiam,
- kev xam ntawm cov nyiaj ntawm cov khoom tsim tawm txhua xyoo,
- ntau ntawm cov nqi pov tseg npaj rau siv thiab (lossis) pov tseg,
- kev txiav txim siab ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov pov tseg npaj tseg rau kev tso chaw rau ib txoj kev tshwj xeeb rau lub sijhawm nyob hauv cov chaw pov tseg tshwj xeeb, suav mus rau thaj chaw ib puag ncig ntawm thaj chaw.
PNOOLR project ntev npaum li cas?
Kev siv tau ntawm PNOORR - 5 xyoos raug rau qhov niaj xyoo xa tawm ntawm daim ntawv tshaj tawm qhia txog kev tsis hloov ntawm cov txheej txheem ntau lawm. Daim ntawv, cov qauv thiab cov tseev kom muaj rau kev tso ua ke ntawm daim ntawv tshaj tawm no yog sau los ntawm Daim Ntawv Teev Tseg los ntawm Ministry of Natural Resources ntawm Lavxias hnub tim 05.08.2014 N 349 "Ntawm kev pom zoo ntawm Cov Lus Qhia rau kev tsim qauv qauv qauv rau tiam neeg ntawm cov pov tseg thiab txwv rau lawv pov tseg".
1. Kev ua haujlwm ncaj ncees ntawm PNOORR
Qhov xav tau los tsim PNOOR rau cov lag luam yog txiav txim siab los ntawm txoj cai tswjfwm tseem ceeb - Tsoom Fwv Tebchaws Txoj Cai No. 89 "Ntawm Kev Tsim Khoom thiab Khoom Siv Khoom Noj" hnub tim Lub Rau Hli 24, 1998, tshooj 11, raws li cov koom haum kev cai lij choj thiab cov tib neeg ua lag luam hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tuam tsev, cov qauv tsim thiab lwm qhov chaw muaj feem ntsig txog kev tswj hwm pov tseg. , muaj lub luag haujlwm tsim los tsim PNOOLR kom txo cov neeg kawm kev kawm tsawg, nrog kev lag luam me thiab nruab nrab.
Rub tawm cov lus hauv tsab cai ntawm tsoomfwv tsab cai lij choj No. 89:
Kev Cai Lij Choj Tseem Ceeb No. 89
PNOOLR tau tsim kho raws li Kev Ncaj Ncees ntawm Ministry of Natural Resources ntawm Lavxias hnub tim 05.08.2014 N 349 "Ntawm kev pom zoo ntawm Cov Lus Qhia rau kev txhim kho cov qauv txheej txheem rau tiam neeg ntawm cov pov tseg thiab txwv rau lawv pov tseg". Qhov siv tau ntawm PNOOLR yog 5 xyoos, raug xa tawm txhua xyoo kev qhia txog kev tsis raug ntawm cov txheej txheem ntau lawmCov. Daim ntawv, qauv thiab cov tseev kom muaj rau kev npaj daim ntawv qhia no yuav raug sau nyob rau hauv ib qho kev cai tswj hwm qub.
Raws li qhov tsim thiab pom zoo ua haujlwm, lub lag luam yog muab Cov ntawv sau ntawm kev pom zoo cov qauv txheej txheem pov tseg thiab cov kev txwv rau lawv pov tsegCov. Cov ntaub ntawv muaj cov npe pov tseg cov khoom tsim tawm los ntawm cov lag luam (lossis nws cov ceg), cov qauv tsim qauv tsim pov tseg txhua xyoo thiab cov kev txwv pov tseg rau cov khoom pov tseg uas tau npaj rau qhov chaw pov tseg. PNOOLR yog kev sib koom tes hauv chav haujlwm hauv thaj av ntawm Rosprirodnadzor lossis hauv cov thawj coj hauv zej zog tau tso cai hauv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, nyob ntawm qib kev saib xyuas ib puag ncig rau cov lag luam no. Rau cov tub ceev xwm hauv cheeb tsam, lawv tus kheej daim ntawv yuav pom zoo muaj cov lus qhia rau kev tsim kho, tab sis hauv tag nrho lub teb chaws cov ntaub ntawv yog tag nrho lossis yuav luag tag nrho raws li Cov Lus Cog Tseg 349.
Dab tsi loj hlob muab:
- Kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom lag luam rau 5 xyoos yam tsis muaj nres nres thiab raug nplua hnyav heev.
- Tau txais kev txwv rau pov tseg pov tsegpom zoo los ntawm Rosprirodnadzor raws li cov cai ntawm Txoj Cai No. 89. Koj paub tseeb tias koj tuaj yeem muaj khib nyiab ntau npaum li cas.
- Ntawv Tso Cai Pov Tseg ntawm tsev neeg qhov av nyob hauv ib lub sijhawm 5 xyoos.
1.1 Lub sijhawm khib nyiab
Txawm hais tias nws yog ntawv sau rau hauv chaw ua haujlwm urn lossis khib nyiab tshuaj lom neeg nyob ib puag ncig ntawm kaum tsev ntawm tsob nroj, txoj cai hauv 99% ntawm kev cais tau cais lawv li khib nyiab.
Tej kev lag luam xav tau qauv qauv ntawm kev kawm ntawv thiab kev txwv ntawm pov tseg pov tsegyog tias nws yog tus saib xyuas ntawm kev tswj cov dej num.
Kev tsim kho hauv paus
Qhov xav tau los tsim PNOOR rau cov lag luam yog txiav txim siab los ntawm txoj cai tswjfwm tseem ceeb - Tsoom Fwv Tebchaws Txoj Cai No. 89 "Ntawm Kev Tsim Khoom thiab Khoom Siv Khoom Noj" hnub tim Lub Rau Hli 24, 1998, tshooj 11, raws li cov koom haum kev cai lij choj thiab cov tib neeg ua lag luam hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tuam tsev, cov qauv tsim thiab lwm qhov chaw muaj feem ntsig txog kev tswj hwm pov tseg. , muaj lub luag haujlwm tsim los tsim PNOOLR kom txo cov neeg kawm kev kawm tsawg, nrog kev lag luam me thiab nruab nrab.
PNOOLR tab tom tsim kho raws li Kev Ncaj Ncees ntawm Ministry of Natural Resources ntawm Lavxias hnub tim 05.08.2014 N 349 "Ntawm kev pom zoo Cov Lus Qhia rau kev txhim kho cov qauv txheej txheem rau tiam neeg ntawm cov pov tseg thiab cov kev txwv rau lawv pov tseg".
1.2 Cov qauv siv caij nyoog thiab cov khib nyiab pov tseg
Hauv kev txhim kho tau txiav txim siab cov qauv pov tseg - kev tsim cov nyiaj pov tseg ntawm ib hom kev tshwj xeeb hauv kev tsim cov khoom tsim tawm (rub tawm Cov txheej txheem los kho qhov teeb meem PNOOLR 2015). Txwv tsis pub, pov tseg cov hom phiaj yog tsim rau cov lag luam.
Txoj cai tso cai rau txoj haujlwm pom zoo kev txwv rau cov khoom pov tseg, i.e. qhov tso cai ntau tshaj plaws ntawm cov pov tseg ntawm ib hom tshwj xeeb uas tuaj yeem muab pov tseg hauv txoj kev tshwj xeeb rau lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb hauv cov chaw pov tseg pov tseg, suav txog qhov xwm txheej ib puag ncig ntawm thaj chaw tau muab.
Qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm txoj haujlwm PNOOLR
Lub phiaj xwm ua pov thawj ntau yam tau thov rau cov txheej txheem ntawm cov hom tshwj xeeb ntawm kev pov tseg nyob nruab nrab hauv ib xyoos (hauv tons hauv ib xyoos) raws li cov qauv rau txheej tiam pov tseg. Cov txheej txheem rau cov txheej txheem pov tseg txiav txim tsim cov nqi pov tseg ntawm ib hom kev tshwj xeeb hauv kev tsim ib pawg ntawm cov khoom lag luam. Rau qhov ntsuas kwv yees ntawm qhov ntau lawm (kev ua haujlwm, kev pabcuam), nyob ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm cov txheej txheej pov tseg, cov hauv qab no yog coj:
- chav tsev ntau lawm, chav tsev ntawm cov khoom siv raw - rau cov khib nyiab ntau lawm,
- chav nyob nrug (piv txwv li, kilometer) - rau kev saib xyuas cov tsheb,
- cheeb tsam chav tsev - rau cov pov tseg thaum lub sijhawm ntxuav tsev ntawm thaj chaw,
- tus neeg - rau cov pov tseg tsim nyob hauv thaj chaw thaj chaw,
- chav tsev ntawm qhov chaw - rau tsev tos qhua, canteens thiab lwm lub koom haum thiab chaw haujlwm.
2. Tus nqi ntawm lub phiaj xwm PNOOLR
Lub phiaj xwm nqi rau 1-10 ntawm cov khib nyiab yuav yog los ntawm 20 000 rublesCov. Tus nqi suav nrog kev txhim kho, kev them nyiaj rau tag nrho lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub xeev thiab kev sib koom tes nrog Rosprirodnadzor nrog 100% lav. Txheeb xyuas tus nqi ntawm 11 lossis ntau dua qhov chaw nrog cov thawj tswj hwm.
Tus nqi cuam tshuam los ntawm:
- muaj cov phau ntawv pov tseg khib nyiab,
- muaj cov kev kuaj sim,
- cov kev pabcuam maj.
Ntev li cas?
Lub sijhawm rau kev txhim kho PNOOLR txoj haujlwm los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij ntawm peb lub tuam txhab yuav yog los ntawm 10 hnub ua haujlwm txij li lub sijhawm muab cov ntaub ntawv pib tsim nyog, nyob ntawm tus nqi ntawm cov pov tseg.
Ntxiv mus, PNOOLR yuav tsum tau kev pom zoo los ntawm chav tswjfwm thaj av ntawm Rosprirodnadzor lossis lub nroog thawj coj hauv zej zog tau tso cai rau kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, nyob ntawm qib kev saib xyuas ib puag ncig rau lub lag luam no. Rau cov tub ceev xwm hauv cheeb tsam, lawv tus kheej daim ntawv yuav raug pom zoo muaj cov lus qhia rau kev tsim kho, txawm li cas los xij, hauv tag nrho lub teb chaws cov ntaub ntawv yog tag nrho lossis yuav luag tag nrho raws li Cov Lus Cog Tseg 349. Lub sijhawm rau kev pom zoo yog nyob ntawm kev tswj hwm cov cai ntawm lub cev saum toj no thiab thaj tsam li 30 hnub ua haujlwm.
Lub phiaj xwm nqi rau 1-10 hom kev khib nyiab rau ib tus xaib yuav yog los ntawm 80,000 rubles. Tus nqi suav nrog txoj haujlwm txhim kho thiab kev pom zoo hauv Rosprirodnadzor nrog 100% lav.
3. Leej twg xav tau PNOOLR khib nyiab phiaj xwm?
PNOOLR tau tsim kho thiab pom zoo raws li Kev Ncaj Ncees ntawm Ministry of Natural Resources ntawm Lavxias hnub Lub Ob Hlis 25, 2010 N 50 "Ntawm Txheej Txheem rau Kev Txhim Kho thiab Kev Pom Zoo ntawm cov qauv pov tseg thiab cov kev txwv rau lawv cov kev faib tawm", ntxiv rau raws li txoj cai kev coj ua ntawm cov koomhaum ntawm Lavxias Lavxias.
Lub phiaj xwm yog tsim los rau cov koom haum raug cai lossis cov tib neeg ua lag luam tag nrho lossis nyias muaj nyias rau txhua tus ntawm nws cov ceg (yog tias muaj), muab tias txhua ceg muaj nyob hauv tib hom kev kawm ntawm Lavxias Federation.
Yog tias cov ceg nyob hauv cov chaw sib txawv, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los tsim PNOOLR rau txhua ceg thiab xa kev pom zoo rau cov chaw haujlwm ntawm Rosprirodnadzor lossis cov thawj coj kev tso cai ntawm lub luag haujlwm.
Lub luag haujlwm thiab cov txiaj ntsig
Lub luag haujlwm rau qhov tsis muaj PNOORR txoj haujlwm rau cov lag luam yog raug nplua txog 250,000 rubles, ntxiv rau qhov xav tau los tsim cov ntaub ntawv no (Cov Cai ntawm Cov Kev Ua Haujlwm ntawm Lavxias, Tsoomfwv Txoj Cai No. 195 ntawm lub Kaum Ob Hlis 30, 2001, Tshooj 8).
Kev tsim kho kom ncav sij hawm ntawm peb tes num lav koj:
- Lub sijhawm ruaj khov ntawm lub lag luam rau 5 xyoos yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam kev tsim khoom thiab kev rau txim hnyav.
- Ua tsaug rau qhov tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev pom zoo ntawm cov qauv tsim pov tseg thiab cov kev txwv rau lawv txoj kev pov tseg, pom zoo los ntawm Rosprirodnadzor raws li cov kev cai ntawm Tsoomfwv Txoj Cai No. 89, koj paub tseeb tias ntau npaum li cas pov tseg tuaj yeem tsim nyob rau hauv chav kawm ntawm koj tus lag luam thiab ntau npaum li cas pov tseg koj tau tso cai rau hloov chaw rau qhov chaw pov tseg.
Cov qib siab zoo ntawm cov nqi, zoo thiab lub sij hawm
Kev Tsim Kho Turnkey peb paub yuav ua li cas los ua qhov project uas yuav phim koj thiab tus thawj coj saib xyuas
Qhov project pom zoo lav. Txhua peb tes num tau dhau los tau txais cov lus xaus zoo
Kev pom zoo hauv tsoomfwv lub cev thawj zaug
Saj zawg zog them nqe: peb npaj tau los them nqi phased
Koj tau lees tias yuav tsum tau txais kev sab laj ntawm kev nce qib ntawm kev ua haujlwm los ntawm cov kws tshwj xeeb
Kev lag luam me lossis nruab nrab
Cov txheej txheem rau kev faib cov koom ua lag luam raws li kev lag luam me thiab nruab nrab tau teev nyob rau hauv Tsoomfwv Txoj Cai thaum Lub Xya Hli 24, 2007 N 209-FZ "Ntawm Kev Txhim Kho Cov Koom Haum Me thiab Nruab Nrab hauv Tebchaws Lav Xias".
Cov txheej txheem yog los ntawm kev ncaj ncees koom nrog cov peev txheej ntawm lub xeev cov tuam txhab lag luam, cov peev nyiaj tsis yog lub xeev, cov peev txheej txawv teb chaws, cov neeg ua haujlwm nruab nrab, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev lag luam, thiab lwm yam.
Qhov project yog tsim los ntawm cov lag luam loj (cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm 250 tus neeg ua haujlwm, los yog cov nyiaj tau los / cov khoom muaj nqis los ntawm 1,000 lab rubles hauv ib xyoos), cov tsev hauv nroog thiab cov peev nyiaj, cov tuam txhab muaj peev txheej txawv teb chaws (cov peev txheej txawv teb chaws hauv cov peev txheej uas ntau dua 25%) uas cuam tshuam nrog txaus ntshai pov tseg lossis cuam tshuam rau qhov xwm tsis zoo.
Rau cov lag luam kev lag luam me thiab nruab nrab koj tsuas yog yuav tsum tau qhia txhua xyoo rau SMB (nruab nrab thiab lag luam me) txog kev tsim pov tseg ntawm lawv.
4. Kev tsim kho qhov project PNOOLR
Lub phiaj xwm PNOOLR yuav tsum pib tsim tau li 6-8 hlis ua ntej tuaj xyuas ntawm cov neeg kuaj xyuas lub cev. Tab sis yog tias kev zam zam zam tsis tau, nws muaj txoj hauv kev los txo tus nqi.
- Cov lus nug ntawm cov khoom siv pov tseg. Hauv EcoPromCenter - pub dawb! (Nov yog txuag txog 20 000 rubles!) Qhov kev pabcuam suav nrog ecologist lub sijhawm tawm mus, thov kev txhim kho.
- Xam pom ntawm qhov ntau thiab cov chav kawm ntawm cov khib nyiab tau xav txog hauv qhov txwv rau muab tso rau. Hauv kev sib txuam, phau ntawv hla tebchaws ntawm khib nyiab yog kos.
- Kev tsim cov ntaub ntawv tsim PNOOLR. Qhov zoo ntawm kev sau ntawv thiab xaiv cov ntaub ntawv nyob ntawm seb koj qhov project raug pom zoo los yog tsis. Hauv EcoPromCenter - txij 7-10 hnub.
- Kev pom zoo ntawm PNOORR txoj haujlwm hauv Rosprirodnazor hauv 30 hnub ua haujlwm (raws li cov cai)
- Kev tshaj tawm ntawm kev npaj tau npaj rau 5 xyoos.
4.1 Cov lus nug ntawm cov khoom siv pov tseg
Los tsim ib qhov project, cov khoom pov tseg ntawm cov khoom siv pov tsegCov. Tus txheej txheem no suav nrog kuaj xyuas kev ua raws li daim ntawv pov thawj (raws li txoj cai ntawm Ministry of Natural Resources ntawm Lavxias Lub Cuaj Hlis 1, 2011 N 721. Ntawm kev pom zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem kev suav nyiaj hauv kev tswj hwm pov tseg) mus rau qhov xwm txheej tiag tiag hauv chaw ua haujlwm.
Thawj cov ntawv pov tseg pov thawj qhia txog qhov xwm txheej tam sim no nrog kev tsim cov khib nyiab (chaw tsim khoom), cov khib nyiab los ntawm cov neeg thib peb, pov tseg cov khoom pov tseg rau pov tseg, pov tseg, tso chaw, muab tso rau hauv tus kheej cov chaw.
Cov ntaub ntawv cov ntaub ntawv, nrog rau cov ntawv qhia txog kev txheeb xyuas (2TP khib nyiab) yog siv rau hauv cov khoom pov tseg. Hauv qhov xwm txheej no, cov khib nyiab tau pom, nws cov npe tau muab sau ua ke, qhov chaw ntawm nws tsim, qhov chaw uas lawv khaws thiab khaws cia (qhia los ntawm lub sijhawm nce mus txog 11 hlis) kev thauj cov pov tseg li cas (piv txwv li, ntawm kev sib cais ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm lub lag luam); kev tsim khoom, pov tseg, pov tseg lossis siv cov khib nyiab.
Raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov lus nug, cov txheej txheem kev kawm txhua xyoo (cov qauv tau hais tseg) rau txhua qhov pov tseg ntawm chav kawm I-V kev nyab xeeb tau suav. Rau cov khib nyiab uas yuav tsum tau hloov mus rau qhov chaw tso (khaws cia, faus) ntawm cov chaw pov tseg (tus tswv ntawm cov lag luam lossis lwm tus neeg), lub phiaj xwm tau teeb tsa kev txwv ntawm cov khoom pov tseg.
Ntxiv rau, PNOOLR qhia txog cov koom haum kev cai lij choj thiab cov neeg ua lag luam, nrog rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntawv cog lus tam sim no nrog lawv rau kev thauj khoom pov tseg rau kev kho ntxiv (kho, pov tseg, pov tseg, thauj, chaw).
Kev tswj dej num cov haujlwmKuv–IVcov chav kawm phom sij, ntxiv rau cov tsub zuj zuj, muaj ntawv tso cai uas tsis muaj qhov tsis ua tiav raws li Tsoomfwv Txoj Cai thaum Lub Tsib Hlis 4, 2011 N 99-ФЗ "Ntawm Kev Tso Cai ntawm qee hom haujlwm" thiab Tsab Cai ntawm Tsoomfwv Lavxias ntawm 03.10.2015 N 1062 "Ntawm Kev Tso Cai Cov Haujlwm rau Kev Sau, Kev Thauj Mus Los, Kev Ua, Pov Tseg, Pov Tseg, thiab Pov Tseg Pov Tseg I - IV cov chav kawm muaj xwm txheej. "
5.2 Cov Ntsiab Lus Tseem Ceeb Thaum Sau Txoj Haujlwm
Vim hais tias lub koom haum lub hom phiaj yog kom tau txais kev pom zoo raws li cov qauv thiab cov kev txwv, txoj haujlwm pov tseg yuav tsum pom meej meej cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv qab no rau cov chaw soj ntsuam ntawm Rosprirodnazor:
- Qhov muaj ntawm cov chaw khib nyiab. Lawv puas muaj nyob ntawm thaj chaw? Puas yog lawv tau teeb tsa / haum rau qhov tsim cov khoom pov tseg ntawm cov pov tseg? Nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tau piav qhia kom ntxaws li cas thiab qhov twg, rau lub hom phiaj twg (hom kev kho mob) pov tseg yuav muab xa los ntawm cov lag luam.
- Cov cuab yeej siv tshuab. Puas yog lub chaw lag luam muaj peev xwm koom nrog kev tswj cov kev tswj pov tseg los ntawm nws tus kheej lossis dhau ntawm tus neeg thib peb?
- Khib. Yuav siv ntau hom khoom pov tseg li cas rau ntawm qhov chaw? Ntau npaum li cas ntawm txhua hom? Dab tsi yog cov chav muaj kev phom sij?
- Lub peev xwm ntawm cov xaib. Qhia seb lawv puas txaus thiab lawv puas ua raws li cov qauv ntawm cov haujlwm npaj nrog lub pov tseg?
- Nkag mus rau hauv lub xeev tso npe ntawm cov khoom pov tseg. Koj tsis tsuas yog qhia txog ib qho chaw hauv lub cuab yeej. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau sau npe nws ua qhov chaw pov tseg ntawm cov khoom pov tseg (saib. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tswj hwm lub xeev cadastre pov tseg, Txoj Cai No. 792 ntawm Cuaj hlis 30, 2011).
Ntawm qhov kawg ntawm tsab xov xwm no, qee qhov ntawm nuances ntawm kev tsim kho thiab kev pom zoo qhov dej num pov tseg tau piav qhia.
5.3 Kev Tshaj Tawm Cov Tswv Cuab Kev Tshaj Tawm
Cov cua ntsawj ntshab PNOORR tsis muaj xwm txheej yuav tsum tsis muaj npe sau npe. Txwv tsis pub, koj yuav tsum tau khuv xim nws hauv ib xyoos ntawm qhov ua ntawv thov theem Kev Tshaj Tawm Txog Cov Tswv Cuab Kev Tshaj Tawm rau Rosprirodnadzor. Ib lub tuam txhab nyiaj txiag muaj lub luag haujlwm saib xyuas ib xyoos ib zaug cov lus ceeb toom muab cov ntaub ntawv txog cov khoom ntim tiag tiag hauv lub xyoo.
Cov ntaub ntawv qhia kev qhia yuav tsum muaj kev cuam tshuam txog ntau thiab cov ntaub ntawv zoo ntawm cov hom, cov chav kawm thiab qhov ntau ntawm cov khoom siv pov tseg ntau xyoo rau ntawm qhov chaw tshwj xeeb. Kuj suav nrog hauv daim ntawv tshaj tawm yog daim ntawv pov thawj, cov ntawv sau nyiaj thiab lwm cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntawm cov pov tseg thauj mus rau qhov chaw.
PNOOLR qhia txog qhov chaw cov khib nyiab ntawm chaw lag luam, lawv qhov chaw nyob, muaj peev xwm thiab khoom siv. Cov chaw khib nyiab yuav tsum ua raws li cov kev cai huv thiab ib puag ncig. Cov qauv huv huv tau teev tseg hauv SanPiN 2.1.7.1322-03 "Kev tu kom huv thiab pov tseg rau kev tsim khoom thiab kev siv pov tseg."
Cov ntaub ntawv suav nrog cov tseev kom muaj rau cov khoom siv ntawm cov chaw khaws khoom (lo lus "khaws cia" yog siv hauv SanPiN), cov txheej txheem rau cov khoom siv ntau tshaj plaws ntawm cov khib nyiab, qhov yuav tsum muaj rau kev txav ntawm cov khib nyiab hla thaj tsam thiab kev thauj mus los ntawm cov pov tseg sab nraum thaj tsam ntawm lub lag luam. Piav qhia me ntsis txog qhov yuav tsum muaj rau cov khoom siv ntawm cov chaw pov tseg pov tseg (txuas ntxiv mus - ODS, suav nrog cov av pov tseg, sludge storages, thiab lwm yam).Hauv kev nthuav dav ntxiv qhov xav tau rau ORO yog tswj hwm hauv cov ntaub ntawv:
- SP 2.1.7.1038-01 "Kev tu huv ntawm kev tsim thiab tu cov av khib nyiab rau cov khoom pov tseg hauv nroog",
- SanPiN 2.1.7.722-98 "Kev tu kom huv rau kev tsim thiab tu cov av khib nyiab rau cov khoom pov tseg hauv nroog"
SanPiN 1746-77 "Kev cai huv rau kev tsim, kev tsim kho thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm av khib nyiab rau kev pov tseg cov chaw tsim khoom."
5.4 ODP kho cov chaw pov tseg
Cov chaw ntim khoom pov tseg (ODP), uas nws npaj siab hloov chaw pov tseg raws li PNOORR, yuav tsum muaj ntawv tso cai pov tseg rau cov khoom pov tseg thiab muaj nyob hauv Lub xeev tso npe ntawm cov chaw pov tseg raws li Tus Txheej Txheem Saib Xyuas Tsoom Fwv Saib Xyuas Tebchaws ntawm Lavxias Hnub Tim 30 Lub Cuaj Hli 30, 2011 N 792 "Ntawm kev pom zoo rau txheej txheem ntawm kev tswj hwm lub xeev pov tseg cadastre".
ODP tau nkag mus rau hauv GROWS raws li cov ntawv thov thiab cov ntaub ntawv tau txais thaum lub sij hawm tsim cov khoom siv ntawm ODP, uas yog ua raws li Txoj Cai No. 49 ntawm Ministry of Natural Resources ntawm Lavxias Federation ntawm Lub Ob Hlis 25, 2010 "Txog Kev Pom Zoo Cov Cai rau Kev Nthuav Tawm ntawm Cov Khoom Siv pov tseg pov tseg".
5.5 Kev laij tawm qauv ntawm cov qauv pov tseg
Yog li, muaj ob tus qauv sib txawv hauv PNOOLR - tus qauv rau kev tsim pov tseg hauv ib chav ntawm cov khoom, cov khoom siv raw khoom lossis kev pabcuam, thiab tus qauv rau kev tsim pov tseg rau 1 xyoos. Cov ntsuas no cuam tshuam. Nrog rau qhov kev tsim tawm hauv cov qauv pov tseg rau cov txheej txheem pov tseg hauv ib qhov kev tsim khoom, cov ntaub ntawv raw, thiab cov kev pabcuam, cov qauv kev xav tau txhua xyoo tseem yuav nce.
Cov qauv pov tseg niaj hnub raug suav los siv ntau txoj kev:
- cov qauv suav rau cov khoom siv sib npaug (siv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tus nqi ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raw khoom thiab cov ntaub ntawv, tus nqi poob thiab ntau ntawm cov khoom),
- cov qauv siv rau cov qauv kev lag luam tshwj xeeb rau kev tsim pov tseg. Hauv qhov no, kev siv phau ntawv hais txog kev lag luam thiab kev sib sau ntawm cov ntsuas tau siv. Cov ntaub ntawv siv ntau tshaj plaws yog Kev Sib Sau ntawm cov ntsuas tshwj xeeb rau kev tsim hluav taws xob thiab kev siv pov tseg, Moscow, xyoo 1999, Cov lus pom zoo los txiav txim siab cov qauv kev tso cai rau kev tso cov khoom pov tseg cov khoom pov tseg rau cov nroog ntawm RSFSR (Kev txiav txim ntawm Ministry of Housing thiab Sib Pab ntawm RSFSR ntawm 03/09/1982) thiab lwm yam.
- kev laij thiab laij cov qauv - xaiv tau yog tias muaj qauv tsim thiab cov ntaub ntawv siv thev naus laus zis (cov duab qhia chaw thev naus laus zis, cov ntawv qhia ua noj, cov cai tswj, cov duab kos ua haujlwm),
- cov txheej txheem sim - kev suav ntawm cov qauv yog coj los ntawm cov kev ntsuas ntsuas hauv kev tsim khoom, nws yog siv rau cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis uas tso cai rau qee yam kev hloov pauv hauv cov khoom siv ntawm cov khoom siv raw. Cov txheej txheem siv tsis tshua muaj, feem ntau ntawm cov chaw siv cov thev naus laus zis tshiab uas tsis muaj analogues,
- cov qauv siv rau qhov tseeb ntim ntawm cov pov tseg tiam (hom txujci). Nws yog siv los txiav txim cov txheej txheem tsim pov tseg raws li kev suav sau tseg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev tswj hwm pov tseg rau lub hauv paus (tsawg kawg 3 xyoos) lub sijhawm. Nws yog qhov yooj yim rau kev suav cov khib nyiab xws li cov ntawv pov tseg, ntim cov ntawv pov tseg los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nyoos thiab lwm yam pov tseg, uas nws nyuaj rau xam los ntawm lwm txoj hauv kev. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm hom qauv no yog tsis siv rau cov kev lag luam tshiab, ntxiv mus, lub sijhawm tiag tiag ntawm cov pov tseg feem ntau nyob ntawm ntau yam, thiab kev coj mus kuaj ntau xyoo yuav tsis cuam tshuam txog kev hloov ntawm cov pov tseg tiam.
Cov kev xav ntawm cov neeg tsim tawm ntawm PNOOLR qhov project pov tseg yuav muaj kwv yees li hauv qab no:
Lub chaw lag luam xav tau X tons ntawm cov khoom siv raw ib zaug ib zaug. Los ntawm X tons ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raw, tons ntawm tons tau mus rau hauv cov khoom tiav (cov khoom lag luam lossis cov kev pabcuam). N khoom txais. Z yog qhov coefficient ntawm ntuj poob. V tons / litre ntawm kev tso tawm thiab tawm cov pa tshuaj phem rau hauv qhov chaw huab cua thiab dej tau txais, feem.
Raws li cov khoom siv no, ua kev xam. iab liam qhov ntim ntawm cov ntim pov tseg ntawm txhua hom hauv tons hauv ib xyoos. Qhov no yuav siv mus rau hauv tus account feem ntau lees txais cov cim pov tseg tsim qauv siv hauv kev lag luam.
Yog tias cov sib txawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raw tau koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem, tom qab ntawd qhov kev xam yog nqa tawm raws li cov khoom tshuav ntau lawm.
6. Kev xa cov qauv qauv cov qauv pov tseg
Txhawm rau xa PNNOLR rau kev pom zoo, nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum xa ib nqe lus ntawm kev pom zoo ntawm cov qauv tsim pov tseg thiab cov kev txwv rau lawv qhov kev tso kawm ntawm tus qauv tsim qauv thiab cov phiaj xwm. Kev muab cov ntawv pov thawj uas pom zoo txog cov qauv tsim pov tseg thiab cov kev txwv rau lawv pov tseg yog kev pabcuam hauv lub xeev them, yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los them rau lub xeev tus nqi rau nws cov ntaub ntawv.
Tsis pub dhau 30 hnub ua lag luam txij li hnub tau txais daim ntawv thov thiab txoj haujlwm, cov koom haum tswjfwm thaj av ntawm Rosprirodnadzor txiav txim siab txog kev pom zoo rau cov qauv pov tseg rau cov txheej txheem pov tseg thiab cov kev txwv rau lawv txoj kev pov tseg lossis txiav txim siab tsis kam lees pom zoo rau lawv.
Cov chaw pib rau qhov tsis kam raws li Cov Lus No. 50 yog:
- lub xub ntiag ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tsis raug cuam tshuam ntsig txog lub xub ntiag ntawm laij zauv lossis cov laj thawj tsis raug thaum sau daim ntawv muab ntawm cov txheej txheem,
- qhov tsis muaj qhov chaw pov tseg ntawm qhov chaw pov tseg uas npaj siab yuav pov tseg hauv GRORO,
- tshaj qhov ntau ntawm cov pov tseg tau npaj tseg rau pov tseg tshaj qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm cov chaw pov tseg (raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm nws cov lus nug).
Tsis muaj lwm yam laj thawj yuav muaj laj thawj txaus rau kev tsis kam lees txais PNOORR. Txoj haujlwm nws tus kheej yuav tsum muaj cov qauv tsim los ntawm Lus Txheej Txheeb No. 349 thiab suav nrog kev thov tsim nyog.
Cov cua ntsawj ntshab pov tseg yog luam tawm hauv 2 daim ntawv luam tawm. Ib qho yog muab khaws cia rau hauv qhov chaw ua haujlwm. Qhov thib ob yog xa mus rau cheeb tsam txoj cai ntawm Rosprirodnadzor. Nco ntsoov muab cov disk nrog daim ntawv theej xa hluav taws xob ntawm qhov project. Cov theem ntawm kev pom zoo tau piav qhia ntxiv nyob rau PNOORR nplooj ntawv haujlwm.
Txoj cai lij choj muab kev xaiv txoj kev xa PNOOLR txoj haujlwm xa hluav taws xob ua qauv siv hluav taws xob kos npe kos npe ntawm tus neeg muaj cai.
6.1 Ceg pov tseg cov phiaj xwm
Yog tias lub koom haum muaj cov ceg lossis faib rau sab hauv ib tug raug ntawm Lavxias Federation, tom qab no cov koomhaum raug cai muaj txoj cai ntawm nws tus kheej txiav txim siab tias nws yuav raug tsim los ib lossis ntau dua PNOOLR cov haujlwm.
Yog tias tus ceg ntawm cov tuam txhab ua nrog txawv kawm ntawm Lavxias Federation, tom qab ntawd rau txhua yam kev kawm yuav tsum yog koj xaiv khib nyiab qhov project.
6.2 Tsis rov tso PNOORR
PNOOLR tsis yog yuav rov qab tshaj tawm, tab sis koj tuaj yeem rov ua Daim Ntawv Pom Zoo ntawm kev pom zoo ntawm cov qauv tsim pov tseg thiab cov kev txwv rau lawv pov tseg. Kev rov ua haujlwm tau tsuas yog ua tiav cov ntsiab lus ntawm tus neeg thov (npe, daim ntawv raug cai, qhov chaw, PSRN, lub npe tag nrho thiab lwm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tus kheej rau ib tus neeg ua lag luam) tau hloov, ORO qhia hauv PNOOLR lossis nws cov ntsiab lus tau hloov.
Kev rov ua txoj haujlwm tshiab, koj yuav tsum xa tsab ntawv tshaj tawm txog kev hloov dua tshiab ntawm cov qauv txheej txheem pov tseg thiab cov kev txwv rau lawv txoj kev pov tseg (qhia tias yog vim li cas rau kev rov ua dua tshiab) thiab cov ntaub ntawv qub xa tawm ua ntej. Daim ntawv thov raug tshuaj xyuas nyob hauv 10 hnub ua haujlwm. Yog tias cov koomhaum lag luam tau hloov ncaj qha rau txheej txheem ntau lawm, tus qauv tsim kev lag luam, cov qauv kev tswj hwm pov tseg - nws yog qhov tsim nyog los tsim PNOOLR tshiab.
7. Kev tswj ntawm peb tes num PNOOLR
Ntau tus saib xyuas cov tub ceev xwm tam sim ntawd saib xyuas cov khoom pov tseg ntawm cov chaw lag luam: Rosprirodnadzor, Rospotrebnadzor, tus kws lij choj ib puag ncig chaw lis haujlwm thiab qee yam.
Raws li txoj cai, PNOOLR txoj haujlwm tau pom zoo los ntawm Rosprirodnadzor los ntawm 30 hnub ua haujlwm (i.e., ib thiab ib nrab lub hlis). Qhov tseeb, kev pom zoo hauv St. Petersburg siv txij li 2 hlis txog rau lub hlis.
Kev kho sai ntawm kev pom zoo ua tiav, cov lwm yam, vim qhov kev ua tiav ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qib ua daim ntawv.
8. Tau txais kev txwv tsis pub tuaj pov tseg
Raws li kev pom zoo los ntawm kev pom zoo ntawm cov phiaj xwm pov tseg ntawm Rosprirodnadzor, ob lub tswv yim tau hais tawm uas yuav tsum tau tshem tawm thiab qhov project rov muab tso rau kev pom zoo. Tog twg los pom zoo los ntawm environmentalist lossis lub koom haum tsim cov qauv pov tsegntxiv rau muab luam tawm kev txwv rau cov khoom pov tseg.
T.O. lub chaw lag luam tau txais cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntawm lub xeev pom zoo rau cov khoom tsim pov thawj ntawm cov pov tseg rau xyoo.
Hauv kev txwv tsis pub tshaj tawm ntawm cov khib nyiab tsis suav nrog txhua hom pob zeb thiab cov zaub mov raug tshem tawm thaum kev txhim kho kev tso nyiaj, kev tsim av hauv av, thiab lwm yam.
Hnub Tim Kev Pom Zoo cov qauv thiab cov kev txwv - qhov no yog hnub kawg ntawm kev txiav txim siab ntawm txoj cai Rosprirodnadzor ntawm kev pom zoo ntawm cov qauv thiab kev txwv ntawm PNOOLR yog saws. Cov ntaub ntawv no tau tshaj tawm nyob rau hauv official lub website ntawm Rosprirodnadzor.
9. Kev ncua sij hawm ntawm cov kev txwv pov tseg
Cov kev txwv yog 5 xyoos, tom qab uas lawv xav tau txuas ntxiv. Cov kev txwv yuav tsum rov ua dua tshiab txhua xyoo (ib daim ntawv tshaj tawm tau hais txog ntawm qhov hloov tsis tau ntawm cov txheej txheem ntau lawm).
Rau cov koomhaum loj thiab cov chaw tsim khoom cog, lub sijhawm rau kev tsim kho thiab kev pom zoo ntawm qhov txwv tsis pub tuaj yeem ncav cuag ib xyoos, thiab hauv qee kis thiab ib nrab hnub. Qhov seem 3.5 xyoo ya los ntawm lub sijhawm sai sai, thiab ib zaug ntxiv nws yuav tsum ua txuas ntxiv ntawm kev txwv ntawm ib puag ncig.
Kev rau txim rau qhov uas tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam ib puag ncig ib puag ncig (rau cov khib nyiab, tso tawm, tawm mus) muaj txog 250,000 rubles thiab kev ncua kev ua ub no rau 90 hnub. Txhawm rau zam qhov no, them sai sai rau cov ntaub ntawv ib puag ncig hauv koj lub koom haum, thiab yog tias lawv hnub tas sijhawm yuav los txog, hu rau cov neeg tsim khoom.
Kuv puas yuav tsum tau them xeev tus nqi rau kev pom zoo PNOORR?
Raws li kab lus 125 ntu 1 ntawm tsab xov xwm 333.33 ntawm Txoj Cai Them Se Ntawm Lav Xias lub xeev txoj haujlwm ntawm 1600 rubles yog them.
Lub xeev txoj haujlwm rau cov qauv cua ntsawj ntshab tsim qauv pov tseg thiab cov kev txwv rau lawv cov khoom pov tseg tuaj yeem them rau ntawm Lub Xeev Txoj Haujlwm Pabcuam thaum tau txais cov kev pabcuam.
Raws li kab lus 9 ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm Ministry of Natural Resources ntawm Lavxias Federation 50, yog tias tsab cai PNOOLR lossis tsab ntawv tshaj tawm uas nrog nws rau kev pom zoo qhia tawm tsis raug (lossis) cov ntaub ntawv tsis tiav, nrog rau qhov tsis tiav ntawm peb tes num, tom qab ntawd tus qauv thaj av ntawm Rosprirodnadzor tsis pub dhau 5 hnub ua haujlwm (suav tawm) lub sijhawm no yog nqa tawm txij li lub sijhawm tau txais PNOOLR los ntawm cov koom haum kev lag luam) rov qab cov ntawv sau thiab daim ntawv thov rau kev rov kho dua. Tab sis, nws xa ntawv ceeb toom txog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom tshem tawm cov kev ua txhaum cai uas tau txheeb xyuas lossis muab tag nrho cov ntawv pov thawj raws li cov lus qhia (kom xaj 34 34 ntawm Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Hav Zoov). Lub sij hawm rau kev tshem tawm tsuas yog muab 10 hnub ua haujlwm xwb (tsis suav hnub!) Hnub. Thiab tom qab ntawd lo lus nug tshwm sim: koj puas tseem yuav tsum tau them tus nqi tes lub xeev rau kev kho txoj haujlwm PNOORR thiab nws cov ntawv rov qab thiab pov thawj los ntawm cov cai hauv zos ntawm Rosprirodnadzor?
Ua ntej txhua yam, raws li kev sib cav ntawm Kev Cai Lij Choj ntawm Lavxias thiab kev txiav txim No. 50 ntawm Ministry of Natural Resources, ceeb toom rau kev ua tiav ib pob ntawm cov ntawv rau kev pom zoo PNOORR yog daim ntawv txheej txheem ib ntus uas tsuas cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem kev pom zoo cov qauv thiab txwv. Yog li, nws tsis poob rau hauv cov cai ntawm tshooj 125 ntawm pawg lus 1 hauv tshooj 333.33 ntawm Cov Cai Them Se. Yog li, kev kho tshiab ntawm txoj haujlwm tsis raug rau kev them nyiaj ntxiv ntawm lub xeev txoj haujlwm. Vim li cas?
Vim tias qhov kev ceeb toom ntawm kev ua tiav ntawm qhov project tsis yog daim ntawv pom zoo los yog tsis kam lees ua qhov project. Rosprirodnadzor thim cov kev txiav txim siab nrog txoj cai. Ib qho ntxiv, qhov taw qhia txog qhov xav tau kho thiab ntxiv rau qhov project yog cov lus pom zoo ua ntej kev txiav txim siab pom zoo rau PNOOR lossis tsis kam lees nws. I.e. no yog theem ua ntej ntawm kev nqis tes ua los ntawm kev cai lij choj tseem ceeb rau uas lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub xeev tau them.
Lub sijhawm rau kev ua kom haum rau PNOOR yog tsawg - tsuas yog 10 hnub ua haujlwmCov. Yog tias qhov kev lag luam tshaj li lub sijhawm no, txoj cai tswjfwm thaj av ntawm Rosprirodnadzor muaj cai txiav txim siab zaum kawg los pom zoo rau qhov haujlwm PNOOLR (pawg lus 11 ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm Ministry of Natural Resources ntawm Lavxias Federation No. 50). Tib lub sijhawm, yav dhau los them nyiaj rau lub xeev txoj haujlwm rau PNOOLR tsis tau rov qab (Tsab ntawv sau los ntawm Ministry of Natural Resources hnub tim 04.03.14, No. OD-06-01-36 / 3096). Yog li, rov qab xa txoj haujlwm raws li cov qauv thiab kev txwv ntawm cov khib nyiab yuav tsum ua kev lav ris xeev tshiab rau PNOOLR (pawg 125 ntawm nqe lus 1 ntawm tsab xov xwm 333.33 ntawm Cov Cai Them Se ntawm Lavxias Lavxias, Tsab Ntawv No. OD-06-01-36 / 3096 ntawm Ministry of Natural Resources).
Raws li rau lub xeev tus nqi rau kev tshaj lij kev qhia rau kev txuas ntxiv ntawm PNOORR, nws them tsis raws cai Cov. Tom qab tag nrho, daim ntawv qhia kev tshaj lij yog daim ntawv pov thawj uas cov qauv thiab cov kev txwv uas twb tau pom zoo los ntawm Rosprirodnadzor tsuas yog lees paub. Nws daim ntawv xa tawm txhua xyoo nthuav tawm qhov project, thiab tsis ua haujlwm raws li nws qhov kev pom zoo.
Yog tias nws yuav tsum tau ua kom theej tawm ntawm cov qauv kev cai uas twb muaj lawm thiab kev txwv vim nws poob lossis puas lawm, lub xeev txoj haujlwm ntawm 350 rubles yuav tsum tau them (nqe lus .26 p.1 ntawm tsab xov xwm 333.33 ntawm Txoj Cai Them Se ntawm Lav Xias). Ntxiv mus, kev txiav txim siab muab luam tawm tsis pub dhau 15 hnub txij li hnub tau txais daim ntawv thov los ntawm lub tuam txhab rau kev muab luam tawm tsab ntawv theej tawm.
Kev sib tw rau kev nthuav dav ntawm PNOOLR
Ib qho kev sib tw yog qhov sib tw, qhov tshwm sim uas yog daim ntawv cog lus. Daim ntawv ntawm kev xaiv ntawm cov neeg sab nraud cog lus rau kev ua haujlwm, kev pabcuam lossis khoom xa tuaj yog ib txwm hais los ntawm nroog, thaj av thiab lub xeev cov qauv. Tab sis kev tshawb nrhiav lag luam zoo sib xws rau ib tug neeg ua yeeb yam tsis raug zam los ntawm kev ua lag luam loj rau lawv tus kheej.
Txhawm rau nrhiav tuam txhab rau txoj haujlwm txhim kho PNOORR, muaj ob peb lub ntsiab lus xav txog thaum xaiv tus kws kos duab:
- tus tsim tawm yuav tsum muaj kev paub dhau los ntawm kev tsim qauv thiab cov kev txwv. Yog tsis muaj qhov no, txoj kev npaj ua txoj haujlwm yuav raug ncua sijhawm thiab qhov tseeb ntawm nws cov qauv tsim yog tsis lees paub. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias muaj qhov pheej hmoo loj heev ntawm kev rov qab tshem qhov yuam kev hauv qhov project, uas yuav rov qab muab qee sijhawm rau Rosprirodnadzor rau kev kho dua. Raws li cov lag luam, tuam txhab xav kom muaj qhov tseeb,
- tus tsim PNOOLR yuav tsum tsis muaj ntawv tso cai. Txhawm rau ua haujlwm hauv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, suav nrog tus qauv tsim qauv thiab cov kev txwv rau cov khoom pov tseg uas muaj kev phom sij, lub xeev tsis tas yuav tsum tau muaj, tshwj tsis yog rau npe nrog cov neeg soj ntsuam se. Qhov no muaj pov thawj raws li txoj cai No. 99-ФЗ "Ntawm Kev Tso Cai ntawm qee Yam Kev Ua Haujlwm": nws tsab xov xwm 12 tsis qhia txog kev ua si rau kev nthuav dav ntawm PNOOLR,
- kev tsim tawm ntawm cov qauv qauv thiab cov kev txwv yuav tsum muaj cov neeg ua haujlwm uas muaj daim ntawv pov thawj tsim nyog thiab tsim nyog. Txawm hais tias daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm cov neeg koom nrog kev tsim qauv ntawm PNOOLR tsis tau hais meej nyob rau hauv ib qho ntawm cov kev cai uas twb muaj lawm uas yog lub luag haujlwm, tus tsim tawm ntawm cov haujlwm yuav tsum tseem muaj cov kws tshaj lij nrog kev kawm tshwj xeeb. Piv txwv li, yuav tsum muaj ib puag ncig lossis cov kuaj xyuas ib puag ncig,
- Ob lub koomhaum txoj cai lij choj thiab cov lag luam tuaj yeem koom rau hauv kev txhim kho PNOOLR. Qhov tseem ceeb yog qhov muaj npe ntawm kev sau npe nrog cov cai se. Qhov no tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas nws tus kheej los ntawm cov peev txheej "Saib xyuas koj tus kheej thiab cov neeg sib koom tes" ntawm lub vev xaib ntawm Tsoomfwv Kev Pabcuam Se ntawm Tsoomfwv Lavxias (nalog.ru).
Txhawm rau npaj cov khoom sib tw rau kev tsim cov qauv cua thiab cov kev txwv, koj tuaj yeem siv cov chaw hluav taws xob uas muab cov khoom zoo sib xws. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los xaiv cov chaw lag luam e-lag luam uas muaj kev tsheb ntau. Ib qho ntxiv, tshwj xeeb hluav taws xob hluav taws xob xa hluav taws xob pabcuam muaj ntau yam kev pabcuam, tshwj xeeb:
- kev pab kom tau cov xee npe digital rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub xaib thiab kos npe cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb. Muaj cov tuam txhab ua lag luam nrog lwm qhov EDS rau ntawm qhov chaw sib tw, raws li txoj cai, tsis txhob ua haujlwm,
- kev pab hauv kev lees paub ntawm lub xaib. Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom tau txais mus rau kev sib tw yog tias tsis muaj nws,
- txhawb nqa kev txhawb nqa - rau cov neeg uas koom nrog kev twv ua tus tswj hwm,
- thiab ntau lwm yam kev pabcuam.
Los ntawm txoj kev, koj tuaj yeem siv koj tus kheej xaib tshawb nrhiav tus tsim tawm PNOOLR. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev lag luam kev sib tw tsis tuaj yeem yuav tsum ua tiav daim ntawv cog lus nrog tus yeej. Lub chaw ua haujlwm nrhiav tus tswj xyuas haujlwm npaj PNOORD tuaj yeem pib kev sib tw dua yog tias txhua tus neeg thov tsis txaus siab rau nws.Cov kev cai ntawm kev sib tw yog tsim los ntawm tus neeg yuav khoom nws tus kheej, tab sis thaum lub sij hawm kev sib tw nws yuav tsum tau coj los ntawm kev cai lij choj.
11. Cov tswv yim tswv yim hais txog kev nthuav dav thiab kev haum xeeb ntawm PNOORR
11.1 Txheej txheem hloov
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, ua ntej pib txoj kev loj hlob, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau los soj ntsuam cov kev ua ub no ntawm kev lag luam. Puas yog hloov pauv hauv kev tsim thev naus laus zis, kev tsim kho cov tuam txhab, lossis kev yuav khoom ntxiv? Yog li, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua tib zoo xav txog txhua yam kev hloov pauv rau yav tom ntej hauv PNOORR. Puas yog cov chaw ntim khoom pov tseg tau tsim kho raws li kev nyiam huv thiab ib puag ncig? Yog tias tsis yog, koj yuav tsum tau nqa tawm cov haujlwm tsim nyog.
11.2 Tso cai cov haujlwm
Ib qho ntxiv, qhia meej meej cov hau kev ntawm kev tswj khib nyiab ntawm lub chaw ua haujlwm. Lub sijhawm nyuam qhuav dhau los, tsuas yog cov khib nyiab nruab nrab thiab cov khoom pov tseg tau raug tso cai, tab sis tam sim no cov haujlwm tau tso cai suav nrog kev sib sau, kev thauj mus los (txawm tias ntawm cov ceg ntawm ib qho chaw lag luam), kev ua, thiab txawm tias muab cov khoom pov tseg rau hauv peb cov ntau lawm.
Lub banal neutralization ntawm roj teeb kua qaub hauv lub tuam tsev thauj khoom tam sim no xav tau daim ntawv tso cai. Kev tau txais daim ntawv tso cai zoo li no feem ntau yog cov txheej txheem ntev thiab kim, yog li nws muaj ntau lub peev xwm los nrhiav cov koom haum uas twb tau txais daim ntawv tso cai pov tseg thiab hloov cov khoom pov tseg rau lawv. Feem ntau, koj yuav tsum hnyav txhua txhua yam thiab suav uas yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb - txhawm rau siv lossis siv cov khib nyiab hauv koj lub lag luam lossis xa mus rau lwm tus neeg.
Ua ntej kev txhim kho, nco ntsoov tias lub tuam txhab muaj cov ntawv cog lus tsim nyog rau kev xa cov khoom pov tseg rau cov haujlwm rov ua dua tshiab lossis pov tseg muaj ntawv tso caiqhaujthiab cov khib nyiab huv nroog thauj cov muaj lais xees rau Daim ntawv tso cai landfill teev hauv GRORO.
Cov ntawv cog lus uas tau tas sij hawm yuav tsum tau txuas ntxiv, thiab kev xa cov khoom pov tseg nrog cov khoom siv sib tshooj uas muaj ntau dua ob tus neeg yuav tsum sau tseg thiab luam tawm txhua daim ntawv cog lus thiab ntawv tso cai hauv cov saw hlau tau txais. Vim li no, nws tsis pom zoo kom pib txoj kev loj hlob ntawm PNOOR los ntawm lub xyoo kawg - cov ntawv cog lus yuav tas sijhawm thaum kev txhim kho thiab kev pom zoo ntawm peb tes num.
11.3 Kev pom zoo hauv chav kawm ntawv txaus ntshai
Raws cai, txhawm rau kho qhov project thiab pom zoo, daim ntawv hla ciam pov tseg tsis tas yuav tsum muaj. Txawm li cas los xij, kev pom zoo ntawm chav kawm muaj kev phom sij thiab kev txhim kho daim ntawv hla tebchaws yog lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov tuam txhab lag luam raws li tau teev tseg hauv Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Txoj Cai No. 89-FZ. Ntxiv rau, peb tes num yuav tsum tau qhia cov naj npawb ntawm cov ntawv thov xa cov ntawv hla tebchaws tsim mus rau Rosprirodnadzor. Vim tias tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv no, kev pom zoo los ntawm PNOORD tej zaum yuav tsis kam lees, txawm hais tias Tus lej 50 tsis hais li ntawd.
11.4 Ua raws li cov sijhawm txhim kho
Yog li no, ua ntej pib txhim kho qhov project, peb xav kom koj xub tsim daim ntawv hla khib nyiab, vim qhov no tsis yog txheej txheem nrawm. Txawm hais tias muaj cov ntawv hla tebchaws qub (ua ntej qhov kev qhia tshiab ntawm Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Kev faib tawm Cov Ntawv Txheem ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Xyoo 2014, tom ntej no hu ua FWCC), peb xav kom lawv rov tshuaj xyuas, tej zaum muaj cov khoom pov tseg tshiab lossis hloov nrog cov qub. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev txhim kho PNOOLR tseem yog kev ua haujlwm ntev, hnub pib zoo rau kev txhim kho yog li ntawm rau lub hlis mus rau ib xyoo ua ntej qhov kawg ntawm qhov haujlwm tam sim no, nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm cov lag luam, cov npe pov tseg thiab lwm yam.
11.5 Kev nkim thiab cov khoom siv: ua pov tseg rov ua dua tshiab
Hauv chav kawm ntawm kev qhia tawm pov tseg ntawm lub chaw lag luam, ntau yam yuav tsum raug txiav txim siab. Qhov teeb meem ntawm dab tsi yog suav tias yog pov tseg thiab dab tsi yog suav tias yog cov khoom siv tsis ntev los no tau dhau los ua neeg tsis meej. Feem ntau cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis suav nrog kev tsim cov khoom pov tseg uas sau ncaj qha rau ntawm qhov chaw tsim khoom, ntau ntau thiab rov ua dua, lossis muag rau cov lag luam thib peb.
Yog tias koj rov siv koj cov pov tseg, nws tuaj yeem suav tau tias yog cov khoom pov tseg thiab yog cov muaj ntawv tso cai. Txawm li cas los xij, nws muaj peev xwm teeb tsa cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis hauv txoj kev zoo li no thiab teeb tsa cov txheej txheem uas pov tseg tsis tsim los ntawm kev. Kev hloov pauv tau los ntawm cov khib nyiab mus rau cov khoom siv raw - qhov hu ua. khib nyiab kho dua.
Yog li, yog tias cov tshuaj raug tshem tawm ntawm cov txheej txheem, tom qab ntawd lawv pov tseg. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias cov khib nyiab no tuaj yeem muag tau rau cov neeg txaus siab, tom qab ntawd cov txheej txheem kev tsim kho yuav tsum tau tsim kho rau cov pov tseg, txhais tias yog cov khoom lag luam raws li OKPD 2 thiab muag raws li kev cog lus muag. Hauv qhov no, tsis tas yuav tsum muaj ntawv tso cai, thiab suav nrog cov khoom pov tseg hauv PNOORR kuj tseem yuav zam tau.
Nov yog qhov tseeb tam sim no rau kev ua liaj ua teb tsiaj txhu thiab nqaij qaibCov. Nws paub nyob rau hauv ntau npaum li cas lawv ua cov pov tseg cov quav thiab cov khib nyiab. Txhawm rau muag quav lossis khib nyiab raws li chiv, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau lees paub nws ua cov khoom lag luam raws li GOSTs thiab coj mus rau hauv tus account cov cuab yeej kev xav tau ntawm cov qauv thiab cov kev cai.
Hauv daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev ua kom tau raws hauv "cov khoom lag luam", koj yuav tsum qhia cov teeb meem kev kho mob lossis cov lus piav qhia ntawm cov khoom lag luam. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov nyuaj yuav tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tseeb tias ua ntej muag cov quav lossis cov khib nyiab yuav tsum khaws cia rau hauv lub tsev rau khoom ntev li 10 lub hlis lossis ntau dua, vim cov khoom pov tseg tau ua kom qhuav thiab tau txais cov khoom ntawm chiv. Thiab nws chav kawm phom sij yog txo kom tsawg.
Nco ntsoov tias kev khib nyiab ntau tshaj 11 lub hlis twb dhau los lawm khib cia, uas yog yuav muaj kev tso cai, thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm kev cia khoom - kom nkag mus rau hauv GRORO. Tag nrho cov no yuav tsum raug coj los txiav txim siab thaum xaiv ib lub tswv yim rau kev hloov cov khoom pov tseg rau hauv ib yam khoom. Ib qho xwm txheej zoo sib xws nrog lwm cov pov tseg uas tsim tawm ncaj qha thaum tsim khoom, xws li sawdust hauv rooj ntoo lossis sib ntaus cib thaum rhuav tshem cov tsev.
Khib dej ntawm cov kais dej hloov pauv
Cov kev txom nyem kuj tau tshwm sim los ntawm cov lus nug: yog cov dej khib nyiab pov tseg yog tias nws tau nqus tawm ntawm cesspools thiab tsis mus rau hauv lub nroog lim dej? Muaj lus piav qhia rau qhov no los ntawm Rosprirodnadzor.
.. Hauv qhov teeb meem no, kev faib tawm ntawm cov kua dej ua kua nqus los ntawm cesspools li cov dej khib nyiab lossis cov khib nyiab nyob ntawm tus qauv ntawm lawv qhov pov tseg. Yog tias cov kua ua pa tawm tau los ntawm kev tshem tawm mus rau hauv cov dej hauv lub cev tom qab kev kho mob, lawv yuav tsum raug xam tias yog dej khib nyiab thiab lawv cov kev tswj yuav raug tswj los ntawm cov cai ntawm txoj cai dej. Yog tias lawv tau muab pov tseg hauv txoj kev sib txawv yam tsis muaj qhov nkag mus rau hauv dej lub cev, cov effluents no tsis poob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov dej khib nyiab thiab yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab ua kua dej, uas yuav kho tau ntxiv raws li txoj cai pov tseg.
Kev txheeb xyuas cov khoom pov tseg los ntawm cov tsheb
Lwm qhov ntxiv uas yuav ua rau muaj kev nyuaj hauv kev txhim kho PNOORD nyob rau theem ntawm kev txiav txim siab cov npe nchuav pov tseg yog qhov kev xaiv ntawm txoj hauv kev los daws cov khoom tsim tawm los ntawm cov tsheb. Raws li FCCA, hais txog 15 yam khoom pov tseg tau tsim nyob rau hauv cov npe khib nyiab tau los ntawm kev saib xyuas thiab kho tsheb.
Ntxiv mus, ntau zaus lub tsheb lub nkoj yog lub tswv lag luam, txawm li cas los xij, kev kho nws tus kheej tsis ua los ntawm kev lag luam. Rau qhov no, lawv xaus lus pom zoo nrog cov koom haum thib peb (cov chaw pabcuam chaw nres tsheb) lossis nqa tawm kev kho vaj tse rau kev ua haujlwm warranty los ntawm lub tsheb tsim khoom.
Hauv kev xyaum, tom qab kev kho tsheb, siv feem, nres pad, lim yuav luag tsis tau rov qab rau tus tswv tsheb. Cov khib nyiab nyob nrog cov chaw nres tsheb pabcuam, uas, nyeg, yuav tsum yog muab pov tseg lossis muab pov tseg (yog tias muaj ntawv tso cai rau cov kev tswj hwm pov tseg), lossis hloov nws mus rau lwm lub koomhaum uas muaj daim ntawv tso cai rau qhov no thiab cov chaw tsim khoom.
Hauv qhov no, thaum txhim kho qhov project, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom pom tag nrho cov saw ntawm cov kev pabcuam "Tus tswv ntawm lub tsheb - STO yog lub koomhaum pov tseg uas coj cov theem kawg ntawm kev tswj khib nyiab."
Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog (npe, cai thiab chav kawm kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov pov tseg tau txais los ntawm kev lag luam tshwj xeeb, qhov teeb meem kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm cov tswv cuab txoj cai pov tseg thaum lub sijhawm hloov mus, hom kev tswj hwm pov tseg ntxiv) yuav tsum tau hais meej nyob rau hauv cov ntawv cog lus.
Qhov xwm txheej me ntsis txawv yog nrog roj teeb tsheb pov tseg, log tsheb thiab siv roj. Raws li txoj cai, ib qho kev lag luam ua tib zoo sau thiab muag cov khib nyiab no rau cov neeg sab nraud raws li kev yuav khoom thiab muag ntawv cog lus, vim tias cov khoom pov tseg no muaj txiaj ntsig ntau.
Feem ntau, kev nthuav dav ntawm PNOOLR yog cov txheej txheem nyuaj uas muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog ntau theem. Tsis ntev tom ntej no, PNOOR xws li yuav ploj mus, thiab lawv yuav hloov dua tshiab los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshiab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ib puag ncig thiab qhia txog - kev tso cai ib puag ncig, kev tshaj tawm, kev tswj hwm ib puag ncig kev lag luam, thiab lwm yam.
12. Txhais cov ntsiab lus
Khib Ciaj Khib - qhov siab tshaj plaws tso cai pov tseg ntawm ib hom tshwj xeeb uas tuaj yeem pov tseg txoj hauv kev tshwj xeeb rau lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb hauv cov chaw pov tseg pov tseg, suav txog qhov xwm txheej ib puag ncig ntawm thaj chaw tau muab.
Tus qauv pov tseg - qhov tsim muaj tus nqi ntawm cov pov tseg ntawm ib hom kev tshwj xeeb hauv kev tsim ib pawg ntawm cov khoom lag luam.
Kev tsim khoom thiab kev siv khoom pov tseg - cov khoom lossis cov khoom raug tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem kev tsim khoom, kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm, ua haujlwm ntawm kev pabcuam lossis hauv cov txheej txheem kev noj haus, uas tau muab pov tseg, yog npaj rau kev pov tseg lossis raug pov tseg raws li Tsoomfwv Txoj Cai No. (Raws li Tsoomfwv Txoj Cai No. 89).
Cov khib nyiab pov tseg - Lub sijhawm kawg ntawm kev pov tseg thev naus laus zis, ntawm qhov kev rhuav tshem, kev rhuav tshem thiab / lossis pov tseg ntawm cov chav kawm tsis muaj xwm txheej I-IV yog nqa tawm nrog kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig (Raws li GOST R 53692-2009).
Cov Khib Khib - los nag, yaj, infiltration, dej tsis muaj dej, cov dej xau, dej khib nyiab los ntawm lub hauv paus dej hauv qhov nruab nrab thiab lwm cov dej uas tau tso tawm (xa tawm) mus rau hauv cov dej hauv lub cev tom qab lawv siv lossis uas tau tso tawm los ntawm thaj chaw ntes (Raws li nqe 19 ntawm nqe 1 ntawm Txoj Cai Dej RF).
PNOOLR txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev xaiv
Qee cov chaw ua lag luam tau sim ywj siab los tsim PNOOLR. Qhov no yuav tsum tau siv sij hawm ntau thiab cov kev paub tshwj xeeb. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam tas mus li cov kev hloov hauv kev cai thiab hloov qhov project kom raws li kev nrhav. Raws li txoj cai, cov txheej txheem pom zoo cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no tseem siv sijhawm ntev thiab muaj nqi (nrog rau cov tsis lees thiab rov txais cov ntaub ntawv).
PNOORD cov txheej txheem txhim kho los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij
Qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev nthuav dav PNOOLR yog tig mus rau cov kws tshaj lij hauv lub koom haum tshwj xeeb (piv txwv li ntawm no, eco-research.rf) uas muab ntau yam kev pabcuam los ntawm kev npaj cov ntaub ntawv rau lawv kev pom zoo. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub sijhawm ua tiav raug txo kom tsawg, thiab cov txheej txheem kev pom zoo yuav siv sijhawm tamsis ntawd thiab nrawm dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kws tshaj lij ib puag ncig tuaj yeem ua cov lus pom zoo ntawm cov thev naus laus zis los txo cov kev tsim pov tseg, uas yuav ua rau txo qis ntxiv rau cov nqi thiab cov nqi siv rau tsab xov xwm no. Lwm qhov zoo yog pom tseeb rau cov lag luam:
- cov kws tshaj lij yog cov muaj txiaj ntsig thiab paub zoo, muaj cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov kev hloov pauv hloov tshiab hauv txoj cai lij choj, uas cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm kev npaj ntawm txoj haujlwm thiab nws txoj kev sib koom ua ke, nrog rau tuaj yeem lav lub sijhawm tsawg kawg rau kev ua tiav,
- yuam kev nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm peb tes num yog tsis zoo li los yog cais tawm, txij li cov tuam txhab tshwj xeeb tig mus rau lub chaw soj nstuam ntseeg siab lossis cov neeg paub txog,
- cov tuam txhab tshwj xeeb muab kev tshaj lij kev lag luam ntawm cov lag luam, uas cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem pov tseg thiab lawv cov ntau thiab pab txo tus nqi se.
Feem ntau, kev npaj thiab npaj PNOOR hauv cov tuam txhab tshwj xeeb tsis pub dhau 10 hnub ua haujlwm txij li hnub tau txais tag nrho cov pob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Nyob ntawm seb qhov kev nyuaj ntawm kev sau npe - qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov hom ntawm cov dej num ntawm kev lag luam thiab lub npe ntawm cov khoom pov tseg tsim tawm, lub sijhawm ntawm peb tes num yuav nce ntxiv mus rau 20 - 30 hnub.
Lub sijhawm pom zoo rau tus tsim PNOORR hauv lub xeev lub cev tsis pub dhau 30 hnub ua haujlwm txij li hnub xa cov ntaub ntawv uas tau lees txais raws li cov lus nug uas muaj lub cim yuav tsum tau ntawm kev txais nyiaj. Tom qab cov ntaub ntawv lees paub, cov ntaub ntawv raug pom zoo lossis xa rau kev rov kho dua. Hauv qhov xwm txheej no, kev piav qhia txog cov laj thawj ntawm qhov tsis kam lees kev pom zoo txuas nrog ua ke.
Ecology ntawm daim ntawv
Tus nqi tsim PNOOLR hauv txhua kis yog xam tus kheej. Qee cov tuam txhab tsim qee tus nqi rau ib hom kev pov tseg thiab kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb - suav cov chav kawm phom sij, tau txais daim ntawv hla tebchaws, thiab lwm yam. Lwm tus - nyiam qhia txog tus nqi tag nrho rau qhov project, uas nws txawv ntawm qhov sib txuam ntawm cov tsis suav:
- kev tshwj xeeb thiab ntsuas kev lag luam,
- tus nqi thiab ntau yam ntawm cov pov tseg tsim tawm, lawv chav kawm muaj kev phom sij,
- qhov xav tau ntawm bioassay ntawm cov khib nyiab thiab tshuaj lom neeg tsom,
- lwm cov tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm ntawm kev lag luam tshwj xeeb.
Lub sijhawm ntawm NoOOLR qhov project thiab muaj peev xwm txuas ntxiv
Lub sijhawm pov thawj ntawm NOOLR txoj haujlwm yog tsim rau cov koomhaum raug cai thiab cov neeg ua lag luam koom nrog pov tseg cov khoom pov tseg rau cov khoom pov tseg rau lub sijhawm ntawm lawv daim ntawv tso cai los sau, siv, xa tawm tsis muaj teebmeem, thauj thiab pov tseg cov khoom pov tseg. Rau lwm lub koom haum, PNOOLR tau pom zoo rau 5 lub xyoos.
Cov kev pabcuam ib puag ncig PNOORR lossis tshaj xo SM thiab SB
Tib lub sijhawm, pov tseg txwv rau lawv pov tseg tau txuas ntxiv txhua xyoo los ntawm daim ntawv tshaj tawm qhia txog kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom siv raw thiab cov txheej txheem ntau lawm. Xws li daim ntawv tshaj tawm yog tsim tawm yog tias tsis muaj kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb hauv cov haujlwm ntawm cov lag luam dav dav. Daim ntawv qhia kev tshaj lij ntawm kev tsis cuam tshuam ntawm cov txheej txheem ntau lawm tuaj yeem lees paub tias ib xyoos tom qab tau txais daim ntawv ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov txheej txheem pov tseg thiab cov kev txwv rau lawv txoj kev pov tseg, cov txheej txheem ntau lawm ntawm lub lag luam tseem zoo li qub (tsis hloov pauv) thiab ua tiav raws li cov kev cai hauv qhov project NOOLR. Cov ntawv pov thawj tiag tiag ntawm kev txuas ntxiv ntawm cov qauv pom zoo yog hnub kos npe rau ntawm nqe lus lees paub los ntawm daim ntawv tshaj tawm.
Hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej - kev qhia txog cov thev naus laus zis tshiab, kev hloov pauv ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm, kev tawm ntawm lub npe tshiab hauv cov khoom lag luam, kev hloov kho ntawm cov tshuab thiab khoom siv, nws yuav tsum tau hloov kho qhov tsim nyog rau txoj haujlwm thiab xa mus rau kev pom zoo dua. Cov ntsiab lus thiab daim ntawv xa tawm cov lus qhia kev qhia txog qhov tsis muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov txheej txheem ntau lawm yog tswj hwm los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm Rostekhnadzor No. 703 ntawm 10.19.2007. ("Cov lus qhia rau kev nthuav dav ntawm PNOOLR").
Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm NOOLR dhau los tag lub lag luam uas tsis nyob hauv cov lag luam me lossis nruab nrab, nws yuav tsum tsim kho PNOOLR tshiab, txawm tias tsis muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov dej num. Yog tias muaj kev kuaj xyuas nyob rau ntawm lub chaw lag luam lub sijhawm no, tom qab ntawv yuav raug nplua rau qhov tsis ua tiav ntawm cov phiaj xwm khib nyiab. Ib qho ntxiv, thaum lub sijhawm hloov ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub sijhawm tsim tsa ntawm qhov project qub thiab tau txais qhov tshiab nrog kev txwv pom zoo, kev them nyiaj tsis tu ncua raug suav nrog tsib-npaug nce ntxiv.